A
- Abuse
- Accessories
- Addressing the court
- Adjournment — see Deferral of sentence
- Adjustment and correction of sentences
- Age — see Young offenders
- Aggravating factors
-
- additional to common law, [11-000], [11-040]
- apprehended violence orders, breach of, [63-515]
- assault law enforcement officers, frontline emergency and health workers, [50-120]
- breach of trust, [10-060], [11-160]
- break and enter, [17-070]
- break, enter and steal, [17-020], [17-050]
- child sexual assault, [17-440]
- “circumstance of aggravation” in s 112(3) Crimes Act 1900
- clear findings, as to s 21A(2) factors, [11-030]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- company, offence committed in, s 21A(2)(e), [11-100]
- conditional liberty, [10-550]
-
- offence committed while on, [11-150]
- dangerous driving, [18-320], [18-390]
- De Simoni, [1-500] — see also De Simoni principle
-
- domestic violence, [63-515]
- double counting, [11-200]
- drug offences, [19-870], [19-880], [65-130]
- element of offence, [11-000], [11-040], [11-070]–[11-190]
-
- break and enter offences, [17-070]
- emotional harm, substantial, s 21A(2)(g), [11-120]
- fact finding, [1-430]
- financial gain, [11-192]
- financial gain, fraud offences, [19-990]
- fraud, [19-980]
- gratuitous cruelty, s 21A(2)(f), [11-110]
- grave risk of death, [11-145]
- hatred, actions motivated by, s 21A(2)(h), [11-130]
- home, offence committed in, s 21A(2)(eb), [11-105]
- “in addition to any Act or rule of law”, s 21A(1), [11-000]
- injury, substantial, s 21A(2)(g), [11-120]
- legislation
-
- background, [11-010]
- loss or damage, substantial, s 21A(2)(g), [11-120]
- mitigating factors, general observations, [11-200]
- multiple offences, [11-030]
- multiple victims, [11-180]
-
- fraud cases, [19-990]
- murder, [30-040]
- onus of proof, [1-405]
- participation, degree of, [10-050]
- personal violence, [50-140], [50-150], [63-515]
- planned or organised criminal activity, [11-190]
- prejudice, actions motivated by, s 21A(2)(h), [11-130]
- premeditation and planning, [10-040]
- presence of a child under 18, [11-101]
- prior record, [10-400], [11-090], [11-250], [17-440]
- public or community figures, offences against, [11-060]
- public safety, disregard for, s 21A(2)(i), [11-140]
- reason for decision identifying, [1-010]
- resisting arrest, [50-080]
-
- use of weapon, [50-090]
- risk of pregnancy, [20-760]
- s 21A(2) factors, [11-030]
- series of criminal acts, [11-180]
- serious personal violence offence, [11-000], [50-150]
- sexual assault, [20-760], [20-810]
- traffic offence, prescribed, with child passenger, [11-195]
- victim, impact on, [10-070], [12-810]
- violence, actual or threatened, s 21A(2)(b), [11-070]
- vulnerability of victim, s 21A(2)(l), [11-170], [17-440]
- weapon
- Aggregate sentencing
-
- 5-year limitation, [7-505]
- appeals, [7-508], [70-090]
- backup and related charges, [7-507]
- criminality, assessment of, [7-505]
- discounts
- duration of, limits on, [7-505]
- fixed terms, [7-505], [7-507]
- implicit accumulation, [7-505]
- indicative sentences, [7-505], [7-507]
- intensive correction order, [3-620]
- JIRS sentencing statistics, [10-024], [10-025], [10-026], [10-027]
- “maximum periods of imprisonment”, meaning of, [7-505]
- non-parole periods, refusal to set, [7-520], [7-980]
- sentence term 6 months or less, [7-530]
- setting dates for each sentence, [7-505]
- settled propositions regarding, [7-507]
- standard non-parole periods, [7-980]
-
- record of reasons, [7-980]
- Agreed statement of facts
- Aiders and abettors
- Alcohol — see Intoxication
- Appeals — see Miscarriage of justice
-
- additional, fresh and new evidence, [70-060]
- aggregate sentences, [7-508], [70-090]
- appeal against sentence, [70-000]
- assistance to authorities
- conditional liberty, offence committed in breach of, [10-550]
- consistency in sentencing, approach to, [10-022]
- counsel incompetence, [70-060]
- Court of Criminal Appeal — see Appeals to Court of Criminal Appeal
- Crown
-
- double jeopardy, [70-080], [70-090], [70-110]
- DPP policy guidelines, [70-080]
- grounds, specifying, [70-070]
- increased sentence, consideration of, [1-060]
- Local Court, from, [70-130]
- matters on indictment, for, [70-070]
- parity, [10-850]
- principles applicable to, [70-090]
- purpose of, [70-090]
- rarity, [70-090]
- re-sentencing, [70-110]
- s 68A, application of, [70-090]
- time limits, [70-070]
- deferral of sentence, [5-400]
- District Court, to
- DPP, matters influencing, [70-080]
- error, establishing, [70-030], [70-090]
-
- failure to attribute sufficient weight to issue, [70-030]
- failure to refer to matters at first instance, [70-030]
- manifest inadequacy, establishing, [70-090]
- Muldrock error, [70-020]
- other sentence warranted in law, [70-060]
- residual discretion — intervene or not, [70-100]
- sentence, meaning of, [70-060]
- specific error, [70-030], [70-040]
- judicial review, [70-140]
- miscarriage of justice arising from legal representation, [70-065]
- nature of, [70-000]
- parity, and, [10-850]
- prior offences pending, [10-400]
- procedural fairness, [1-060]
- report on appeal
-
- double jeopardy, [70-115]
- re-sentencing, and, [70-110]
- sentence warranted in law, [70-040]
-
- no change in relevant law, [70-040]
- severity, [70-020]
-
- increased sentence, consideration of, [1-060]
- Supreme Court, to
- withdraw, leave to, [1-060]
- Appeals to Court of Criminal Appeal — see Appeals
-
- additional, fresh and new evidence, [70-060]
- Children’s Court discretionary powers, [15-040]
- convicted person, by
-
- error, establishing, [70-030]
- errors of fact and fact finding, [70-030]
- failure to attribute sufficient weight to issue, [70-030]
- failure to refer to matters at first instance that are later relied upon, [70-030]
- post-sentence conduct, evidence of, [70-060]
- right of appeal where conviction on indictment, [70-020]
- Crown, by, [70-090]
-
- assessment of objective seriousness, [70-090]
- assistance to authorities, discount for, [12-240]
- deferral of sentencing for rehabilitation, [5-400]
- double jeopardy, [70-080], [70-090], [70-110]
- grounds, specifying, [70-070]
- matters on indictment, for, [70-070]
- objective seriousness, assessment of, [70-090]
- parity, [10-850]
- principles applicable to, [70-090]
- rarity, [70-090]
- re-sentencing, [70-110]
- residual discretion — intervene or not, [70-100]
- time limits, [70-070]
- report on appeal, [70-115]
- sentence unreasonably disproportionate, [12-220]
- sentence warranted in law, [70-040]
- Apprehended domestic violence orders
-
- concurrent or consecutive sentences, [8-230]
- Apprehended violence order — see Domestic violence
- Armed robbery
- Assault
-
- aggravating factors, [50-140]
- causing death while intoxicated, [50-085]
- child sexual — see Children, sexual offences against
- choking offences, [50-100]
- common, [50-050]
- concurrent or consecutive sentences, [8-230]
- convicted inmate, by, [8-240]
- De Simoni principle, [50-030], [50-050], [50-060]
- death, causing, [50-085]
- gangs, [1-500], [50-130]
- grievous bodily harm — see Grievous bodily harm
- injuries, extent and nature of, [50-040]
- inmates, against, [50-130]
- intent to harm, [50-040]
- intent to have intercourse, and, [20-680]
- intent to rob or steal, and, [20-220]
- intoxicating substance, administration of, [50-110]
- intoxication, [50-150]
- law enforcement officers, against, [50-120]
- mental element, [50-040]
- occasioning actual bodily harm, [50-060]
- personal violence offences, [50-020], [50-130], [50-150]
- prison officers, against, [50-130]
- resisting arrest, [50-080]
-
- use of weapon, [50-090]
- sexual — see Sexual assault
- standard non-parole periods, [8-000], [50-080]
- statutory framework, [50-000]
- totality, and, [8-230]
- violence, degrees of, [50-040]
- weapons, actual or threatened use of, [50-140]
- wounding — see Wounding
- Assessment reports, [3-500] — see also Community-based orders
- Assistance to authorities
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- contrition, and, [10-420]
- Crown appeal following failure to assist, [12-240]
- denial of procedural fairness, [12-210]
- discounting
-
- applying a discount, [12-230]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- drug offences, [19-880], [65-140]
- level of, [12-230]
- method of calculation, [12-230]
- multiple sentences, [12-230]
- not guilty pleas, [12-230]
- principles, [12-220]
- protective custody and level of assistance, [12-230]
- quantify discount for future assistance, requirement to, [12-240]
- reasons, requirement to give, [12-230]
- SZ v R line of authority, [12-230]
- drug offences, [19-880], [65-140]
- extension to, [12-215]
- non-publication orders, [12-210]
- post-sentence co-operation, [12-240]
- reduction of penalties, [12-200]
- scrutiny of information, [12-220]
- statement not to be used against offender, [12-220]
- statement of assistance, [12-210]
- use of statement of assistance adversely, [12-240]
- withdrawal of promise to assist, [12-240]
B
- Backdating
- Bail
- Bestiality
-
- penalties, [20-740]
- Boat offences
- Breach of trust
- Breaches
- Break and enter
-
- aggravated, [17-040]
-
- corporal violence, [17-050]
- aggravated, committing serious indictable offence
- aggravating factors, [17-070]
- aiding and abetting, [17-050]
- committing serious indictable offence, [17-010]
- company, in, [17-070]
- concurrent or consecutive sentences, [8-230]
- conditional liberty, [17-050]
- corporal violence, [17-050]
- criminal activity, planned or organised, [17-070]
- De Simoni principle, [1-500], [17-060]
-
- Form 1 offences, [17-060]
- domestic violence, [17-050]
- double punishment, [17-080]
- Local Court proceedings, [17-030]
- mitigating factors, [17-070]
- Ponfield guideline judgment, [17-020]
- prior record, [17-020], [17-050]
- provocation, [17-050]
- standard non-parole periods, [17-050]
-
- objective seriousness, assessing, [17-050]
- statutory scheme, [17-000]
- steal, and, [17-020]
-
- specially aggravated, [17-040]
- summary disposal, [17-030]
- totality, and, [8-230], [17-025]
- violence, [17-070]
- Bribery
-
- public justice offence, [20-180]
- Burden of proof — see Onus of proof
-
- mandatory life sentences, [8-610]
C
- Capacity
-
- manslaughter, [40-010]
- Car-jacking offences
- Car rebirthing
- CCOs — see Community correction orders
- Character
- Child abuse material
- Children
-
- child abuse, [50-130]
- manslaughter by parents or carers, [40-020]
- offenders
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-080]
- community service orders, [15-110]
- compensation to victims, [15-110]
- conference, referral for, [15-110]
- control orders, [15-110]
- criminal proceedings in Children’s Court, [15-100]
- dismissal, [15-110]
- fines, [15-110]
- good behaviour bonds, [15-110]
- guilty plea, [15-110]
- imprisonment, [15-070]
- indictable offences, [15-040]
- jurisdiction of Children’s Court, [15-000]
- non-association or place restriction orders, [15-110]
- penalties, [15-010], [15-040], [15-110]
- principles of criminal jurisdiction, [15-010]
- prior offences, [10-400], [15-020]
- probation, [15-110]
- relevance of youth at sentence, [15-015]
- restitution, and, [10-540]
- sentencing principles, [15-090]
- serious children’s indictable offences, [15-000], [15-040]
- personal violence offence against, [50-130], [50-150]
- rights and freedoms, [15-010]
- sexual abuse — see Children, sexual offences against
- victims (murder), [30-020]
- young offenders — see Young offenders
- Children’s Court
-
- adjournment, [15-110]
- admissibility
-
- statements, [15-020]
- background reports, [15-080]
- community service orders, [15-110]
- compensation to victims, [15-110]
- conference, referral for, [15-110], [15-120]
- control orders, [15-110]
- Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999, application, [15-110]
- criminal proceedings, [15-100]
- deterrence, general, [15-015]
- discretionary powers, [15-040]
- dismissal, [15-110]
- fines, [15-110]
- fingerprints, destruction of, [15-110]
- good behaviour bonds, [15-110]
- guideline judgments, [15-090]
- guilty plea, [15-110]
- hearings, [15-020]
-
- criminal proceedings, [15-100]
- intervention orders, [15-120]
- jurisdiction, [15-000]
-
- criminal, [15-100]
- non-association or place restriction orders, [15-110]
- penalties, [15-010], [15-040], [15-110]
- photographs, destruction of, [15-110]
- probation, [15-110]
- publication prohibited, [15-020]
- reasons for decision, [15-110]
- remission of persons to, [15-070]
- sentencing principles, [15-090]
- understanding of proceedings, [15-020]
- youth conduct orders, [15-120]
- youth, relevance of, [15-015], [15-090]
- Children, sexual offences against
-
- abuse, persistent sexual, [17-500]
-
- multiple assaults, [17-560]
- act of indecency, [17-520]
-
- aggravated, [17-520]
- age of
- aggravating factors, [17-440], [17-560]
-
- act of indecency, [17-510]
- age difference, [17-510]
- authority, position of, [17-520]
- breach of trust, [11-160], [17-440], [17-560]
- coercion, use of, [17-510]
- criminal activity, planned or organised, [17-440]
- duration of conduct, [17-510]
- emotional harm, [17-440]
- gratuitous cruelty, [17-440]
- indecent assault, [17-510], [20-620]
- injury, [17-440]
- intercourse with child between 10 and 16 years, [17-490]
- loss or damage, [17-440]
- multiple assaults, [17-560]
- multiple victims, [17-440]
- prior convictions, [17-440]
- series of criminal acts, [17-440]
- specific age, [17-510]
- statutory, [17-420]
- voyeurism, [17-543]
- vulnerability of victim, [11-170], [17-440]
- breach of trust, [11-160], [17-440]
- child abuse material, [17-540], [17-541]
- child pornography, [17-540]
- child prostitution, [17-540]
- community attitudes, [17-400]
- consent as mitigating factor, [17-570]
- De Simoni principle, [1-500], [17-450]
- delay
- deterrence, [17-400], [17-505], [17-541], [17-570]
- filming
- good character of offender, [10-410], [17-570]
-
- previous good character, [11-260]
- grooming, [17-535]
- homeless children, [17-560]
- incitement to commit sexual offence, [17-545]
- indecent assault
- intensive correction order, [17-550]
- intercourse
- maximum penalties
-
- increased, [17-400]
- mitigating factors, [17-440]
-
- age of offender, [17-570]
- consent as mitigating factor, [17-570]
- delay, [17-570]
- extra-curial punishment of offender, [17-570]
- good character, [10-410], [17-570]
- hardship of custody for child offender, [17-570]
- health of offender, [17-570]
- lack of opposition irrelevant, [17-570]
- mental condition of offender, [17-570]
- offender abused as a child, [17-570]
- Pre-Trial Diversion of Offenders Program, closed, [17-570]
- rehabilitation undertaken, [17-570]
- objective seriousness, [17-510], [17-541]
- penalties, increased, [17-400]
- pornography, [17-541]
- Pre-Trial Diversion of Offenders Program
-
- closed, [17-570]
- procuring, [17-535]
- prostitution, [17-540]
- sentencing principles, [17-541]
- sexual assault
-
- aggravated, [17-505]
- sexual servitude, [17-540]
- “stale offences”, sentencing for, [17-410]
- standard non-parole period, [7-895], [17-430], [17-480]
-
- move upwards in the length of, [17-430]
- State and Commonwealth offences, mixture of, [17-541]
- table of offences, [17-420]
- victim impact statements, [12-832]
- voyeurism, [17-543]
- vulnerability of victim, [11-170], [17-440]
-
- child under special care, [17-530]
- worst cases, [17-500], [17-510]
- Chronic illness
-
- mitigating factor, as, [10-450]
- Common law
-
- bribery and corruption, [20-180]
- compartmentalising sentencing considerations, [9-710]
- conspiracy, [65-300]
- fallacy, relevance of, [9-720]
- misconduct in public office, [20-190]
- objective and subjective factors, [9-700]
- proportionality, [10-010]
- robbery, definition of, [20-200]
- sentencing, purposes, [2-200]
- Commonwealth offenders — see Drug offences; Money laundering (Cth)
-
- Aboriginality, [10-470], [16-010]
- age, [16-010]
- assistance to authorities, [16-010]
- child abuse/pornography offences, [17-541]
- children, [16-080]
- condition, mental or physical, [16-010]
- conditional release after conviction, [16-020], [16-070]
- consistent sentencing, [16-002]
-
- other cases, sentencing in, [16-002]
- conspiracy, [65-420]
- Crimes Act 1914 (Cth), sentencing under, [16-000]
- cultural background, [16-010]
- customary law, [16-010]
- deportation, [10-570]
- discharge without conviction, [16-020]
- discounting, [16-010]
- explaining order, [16-010]
- family/dependants, hardship to, [16-010]
- fines, [16-030]
- good character, [16-010]
- guilty plea, [16-010]
- hospital orders, [16-110]
- imprisonment, [16-040]
- intellectual disability, [16-110]
- means, [16-010]
- mental illness, [16-110]
- multiple offences, [16-035]
- non-custodial sentencing, [16-020]
- non-parole periods, [16-050]
- passports, restrictions on, [16-100]
- personal circumstances of victim, [16-010]
- prerogative of mercy, [16-010]
- pre-sentence reports, [16-000], [16-010]
- program probation orders, [16-110]
- psychiatric orders, [16-110]
- recognisance release order, [16-020], [16-050]
- remissions, [16-060]
- reparation, [16-020]
- sentencing, [16-000], [16-002], [16-010], [16-020], [16-035]
- severity, appropriate, [16-010]
- State or Territory sentencing alternatives, [16-020]
- undertaking, failure to comply, [16-010]
- victim impact statements, [16-010]
- young offenders, [16-080]
- Community correction orders
-
- 2018 sentencing reforms
-
- introduced, [3-500]
- assessment reports, [4-420]
- breach, [4-410]
- breach proceedings
- commencement, [4-420]
- conditions, [4-420], [4-430]
- court empowered to make, [4-410]
- domestic violence offences, [4-410]
- duration, [4-420]
- explanation of order, [4-420]
- legislative requirements, [4-410]
- Local Court, power of, [4-410]
- multiple orders, [3-650]
- non-custodial alternative, [4-400]
- procedures, [4-420]
- sentencing procedures, [4-410]
- summary, [4-400]
- Community protection
- Community service orders
- Community service, order requiring
- Community-based orders
- Compensation
-
- child offender, [15-110]
- victims, [12-860], [12-863], [12-865], [12-867]
-
- aggrieved person, meaning of, [12-860]
- appeal, [12-865]
- considerations, relevant, [12-860], [12-863]
- corporate victim, [12-869]
- directions for compensation, [12-863]
- District Court jurisdiction, [12-865]
- factors taken into consideration, [12-860], [12-863]
- injury, for, [12-860]
- loss, for, [12-860]
- mitigating factor, not a, [12-865]
- orders for, [12-860]
- remorse, evidence of, [12-860]
- restrictions on power, [12-865]
- statutory scheme, [12-860]
- victims support levies, [12-867]
- voluntary, [12-865]
- Concurrent sentences
-
- aggregate sentences, [8-220], [8-230]
- apprehended domestic violence orderss, [8-230]
- assault and wounding, [8-230]
-
- convicted inmate, [8-240]
- break, enter and steal, [8-230], [17-025]
- commencement of sentence, power to vary, [8-270]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-040]
- consecutive sentences, distinguished, [8-210]
- dangerous driving, [8-230]
- exclusions, [8-260]
- fraud, [8-230]
- interstate sentences, [8-280]
- limitations, [8-260]
- limiting term, [90-040]
- multiple offences, [8-230]
- nature of, [8-200]
- non-parole period, application to, [8-230]
- R v Janceski, [8-210]
- robbery, [8-230]
- sexual assault, [8-230]
- totality principle, [8-210]
- Conditional discharge
- Conditional liberty — see Community correction orders; Conditional release orders; Parole
- Conditional release orders
-
- breach
-
- revocation, [6-630]
- breach proceedings
- conditional discharge, [5-000]
- conviction not recorded, [5-000]
- dismissal of charges under s 10, [5-000]
- domestic violence, [63-505]
- fines, and, [6-130]
- good behaviour bond, replaced by, [5-005]
- good behaviour bonds replaced, [4-700]
- history, [4-700]
- legislative requirements, [4-710]
- maximum period, [5-010]
- multiple orders, [3-650]
- procedures, [4-720]
- revocation, [4-730]
- summary of significant requirements, [4-700]
- transitional provisions, [4-740]
- variation, [4-730]
- Conditions
- Conferences
-
- referral of child offenders, [15-110]
- Consecutive sentences
-
- accumulation, [8-230]
- aggregate sentences, [8-220], [8-230]
- break, enter and steal, [8-230], [17-025]
- commencement of sentence, power to vary, [8-270]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-040]
- concurrent sentences, distinguished, [8-210]
- definition, [8-200]
- escape, [8-250]
- exclusions, [8-260]
- intensive correction orders, commencement date of, [3-660]
- interstate sentences, [8-280]
- legislative reforms, [2-000]
- limitations, [8-260]
- limiting term, [90-040]
- multiple offences, [8-230]
- multiple victims, [8-230]
- nature of, [8-200]
- non-parole period, application to, [8-230]
- robbery, [8-230]
- sexual assault, [8-230]
- totality principle, [8-210]
- varying commencement of sentence, [8-270]
- Conspiracy
-
- Commonwealth offences, [65-420]
- De Simoni principle, [65-320]
- drug offences, [19-855], [65-130], [65-360], [65-400]
- maximum penalty for substantive offence, [65-340]
- mitigation, [65-360]
- NSW statutory offences, [65-400]
- overt acts in furtherance of, [65-320]
- principles, [65-300]
- role of the offender, [65-360]
- standard non-parole period provisions, [65-380]
- “yardstick” principle, [65-340]
- Contempt
-
- administration of justice, interference with, [20-155]
- breach of orders or undertakings, [20-155]
- common law forms, [20-155]
- contumacious, [20-155]
- disrespectful behaviour in court and, [20-158]
- penalty, [20-155]
- procedural fairness, [20-155]
- publication, by, [20-155]
- referrals, [20-155]
- tariff of sentences, [20-155]
- technical, [20-155]
- Contrition — see Repentance and remorse
- Control orders
- Convictions
- Co-offenders
- Corporations
- Correction and adjustment of sentences
- Corruption
- Court
- Court of Criminal Appeal
-
- appeals — see Appeals to Court of Criminal Appeal
- Crimes Act 1914 (Cth)
-
- sentencing Commonwealth offenders, [16-000]
- Crimes (Appeal and Review) Amendment (Double Jeopardy) Act 2009 (rep)
-
- double jeopardy, [70-090]
- Crimes Legislation Amendment (Child Sex Offences) Act 2015
-
- standard non-parole periods under, [7-895]
- Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999
- Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Amendment Act 2007 (rep)
-
- history, [7-895]
- Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Amendment (Standard Non-parole Periods) Act 2013 (rep)
- Crown
- Culpability
- Custody
-
- crediting time, [12-500]
- full-time, deferral of sentence, and, [5-400]
- hardship
- pre-sentence
-
- alternative offence, [12-510]
- backdating, [12-500]
- counting, [12-500]
- crediting custody time, method of, [12-500]
- Drug Court, [12-530]
- Form 1 matters, [12-510]
- immigration detention, [12-510]
- intervention programs, [12-520]
- manipulation of for ICOs, [3-610]
- MERIT, [12-530]
- parole, and, [12-510]
- protective custody, [10-500], [12-510]
- quasi-custody bail conditions, [12-530]
- residential program, in, [12-520]
- revoking bail and, [12-500]
- protective custody, [7-514], [10-500], [17-570]
- quasi-custody, [12-530]
- safety of prisoners, [10-500]
- “still in custody”, meaning, [7-547]
D
- Damage by fire
- Dangerous behaviour
-
- predicting, [2-250]
- Dangerous driving — see Driving offences
- Dangerous navigation
- Dangerousness
- De Simoni principle
-
- absence of circumstance, [1-500]
- aggravating factors, [1-500], [11-050], [18-370]
-
- taken into account, [1-500]
- breach of, [1-500]
- break and enter offences, [17-060]
-
- Form 1 offences, [17-060]
- children, sexual offences against, [17-450]
- conspiracy, [65-320]
- damage by fire, [63-015]
- driving offences, [18-370]
- drug offences — possession/importation, [65-130]
- money laundering (Cth), [65-215]
-
- proceeds of crime, [65-215]
- “more serious” offences, [1-500]
- operates for the offender’s benefit, [1-500]
- robbery, [20-210], [20-220], [20-250], [20-260], [20-280]
- sexual assault, [20-650]
- victim, impact on, [10-070]
-
- age, [10-070]
- Death
- Defence
- Deferral of sentence
-
- adjournment, [5-400]
- availability, [5-400]
- bail
- conditions, terms and, [5-410]
- counselling, [5-410]
- Crown appeals, [5-400]
- delay to be taken into account, [5-400]
- effect of delay, consideration of, [5-400]
- full-time custody, and, [5-400]
- intervention programs, [5-430]
- object, [5-400]
- rehabilitation, for, [5-400]
- reporting, [5-410]
- residential conditions, [5-410]
- Delay
- Dependants
- Deportation
- Deprived background — see Social factors
- Detain for advantage
-
- attempts to commit, [18-705]
- Crimes Act 1900, under, [18-700]
- domestic violence, [18-715]
- double counting, [18-720]
- full-time imprisonment, [18-715]
- gravamen of offence, [18-700]
- joint criminal enterprise and role, [18-730]
- motivation, [18-715]
- non-custodial sentences, inappropriate, [18-715]
- seriousness of offence, factors, [18-715]
- use of statistics, [18-715]
- vigilante action, [18-715]
- Detention centre
- Deterrence
-
- advanced age as mitigating factor, [10-440], [11-280]
- child sexual assault, [17-400]
- criticisms notwithstanding, [2-240]
- dangerous driving offences, [18-340]
-
- intoxication, [18-340]
- drug trafficking offences, [19-835]
- fraud offences, [19-940]
- general
- mental condition, and, [2-240], [20-290]
- non-parole periods, [7-500]
- public justice offences, [20-130]
- sentencing, and, [2-240], [16-010]
- Disadvantage — see Social factors
- Discharge of offender
-
- Commonwealth offender, [16-020]
- Discharging under conditional release order, [5-030] — see also Conditional release orders
- Dishonesty offences
-
- breach of trust cases, [10-060]
- Dismissal of charges under s 10 — see Conditional release orders; Dismissal of charges under s 10A
-
- affray, [5-040]
- aggravated break and enter, [5-040]
- child offender, [15-110]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-020]
-
- failure to comply with conditions, [16-020]
- conditions, with or without, [5-000]
- conviction not recorded, [5-000]
- corporations, and, [5-035]
- demerit points, [5-040]
- factors, application of, [5-030]
- first offenders, [5-030]
- high range prescribed concentration of alcohol (PCA) offences, [5-040]
- marine pollution, [5-040]
- mental condition, [5-030]
- offences, [5-040]
- orders under s 10
- prohibited offences and circumstances, [5-070]
- property damage/destruction, [5-040]
- restriction of use re certain offences, [5-070]
- sexual intercourse
-
- child between 10 and 16 years, [5-040]
- trivial nature of offence, [5-030]
- use of s 10 orders, [5-020]
- Dismissal of charges under s 10(1)(b)
- Dismissal of charges under s 10A
-
- conviction with no other penalty, [5-300]
- Disputed issues
- Disrespectful behaviour in court
- District Court
- Domestic violence
-
- aggravating factors, [63-510], [63-515]
- alcohol-fuelled conduct, [63-510]
- apprehended violence order, [63-505], [63-515]
- break, enter and steal offences, [17-050]
- brutal conduct, [63-510]
- defined, [63-505]
- detain for advantage, [18-715]
- intention, [63-515]
- intimidation, [63-515]
- murders, [30-047]
- national recognition scheme, [63-500]
- personal violence offence, as, [50-130], [63-505]
- sentencing approach, [63-510]
- trust, abuse of, [63-510]
- victim impact statements, [12-850]
- victims, effect on, [63-510]
- vulnerability, [63-510]
- wronged, belief in being, [63-510]
- Double counting
- Double jeopardy
- Driving offences
-
- abandonment of responsibility, [18-330]
-
- assessment, [18-330]
- aggravated dangerous driving
- conduct of victim, [18-370]
- culpable driving
- damages, payment of, [18-380]
- dangerous driving
-
- aggravating factors, [18-320], [18-334], [18-390]
- aggravating factors, speed, excessive, [18-310], [18-320]
- concurrent or consecutive sentences, [8-230]
- criminal negligence, [18-370]
- custodial sentence, [18-320]
- cyclists, risk to, [18-320], [18-340]
- death, occasioning, [18-310]
- deterrence, [18-340]
- duty of care, evaluation of breach, [18-370]
- extra-curial suffering, [18-380]
- grievous bodily harm, occasioning, [18-310]
- guideline judgment, [18-320], [18-334], [18-430]
- length of journey, relevance, [18-336]
- manslaughter, [18-370], [40-030]
- mitigating factors, [18-334], [18-380]
- multiple victims, [8-230]
- negligence, degree of, [18-370]
- statutory history, [18-300]
- statutory scheme, [18-310]
- substantive matters, [18-310]
- totality, and, [8-230], [18-400]
- victim impact statements, [18-365]
- De Simoni principle, [1-500], [18-370]
- death, occasioning, [18-350]
- dismissal of charge under s 10
- driver’s licence
- family, hardship to, [18-380]
- good character of offender, [10-410], [18-380]
- grievous bodily harm, occasioning, [18-360]
- guideline judgment
- inattention, momentary, [18-332]
- injury sustained by offender, [18-380]
- intoxication, [10-480]
- misjudgement, [18-332]
- momentary inattention, [18-332]
- moral culpability, [18-330]
-
- assessment, [18-330]
- motor vehicle manslaughter, [18-350], [40-030]
- prescribed concentration of alcohol (PCA) offences (high range)
-
- dismissal of charge, [5-040]
- prescribed traffic offence, [11-195]
- prior driving record, [18-334]
- public safety, disregard for, [18-390]
- R v Janceski, [8-210]
- statutory hierarchy of offences, [18-370]
- traffic offender intervention program, [5-440]
- vehicle registration
-
- suspension or cancellation, [6-140]
- worst cases, [18-400]
- youth of offender, [18-380]
- Drug addiction
-
- attributable to some other event, [10-485]
- compulsory drug treatment, [10-485]
- mitigating factor, not a, [10-485]
- robbery, and, [20-280]
- self-medication, [10-485]
- sentencing principles, [20-280]
- special circumstances, [7-514]
- subjective factor, as, [19-880]
- very young age, at a, [10-485]
- worst cases, [19-880]
- Drug offences — see Sentencing consistency
-
- addiction, relevance of, [19-880]
- assistance to authorities, [19-880], [65-140]
- cannabis, [19-810], [19-820], [19-830]
- Commonwealth
- conspiracy offences, [19-855], [65-130], [65-360], [65-400]
- co-offenders, identification of, [1-045]
- couriers and principals, distinguishing, [65-130]
- Crimes Act 1914 (Cth), under, [65-150]
- Criminal Code (Cth), under, [65-100]
- cultivation, [19-810]
- Customs Act 1901 (Cth), under, [65-110]
- De Simoni principle — possession/importation, [1-500], [65-130]
- discount, entitlement to, [65-140]
- Drug Misuse and Trafficking Act 1985, under, [19-800]
- duress, offender under, [19-890]
- financial gain, offence committed for, [19-890]
- good character of offender, [10-410], [19-880], [65-140]
- harm-based categories, [65-130]
- horticultural skills, [19-810]
- importation, [65-110]
- Law and Justice Legislation Amendment (Serious Drug Offences and Other Measures) Act 2005 (rep), [65-100]
- loss or damage, causing substantial, [19-890]
- mandatory life sentences, [8-600]
- manufacture, [19-820]
-
- possession of precursors, [19-820]
- marijuana, [19-810]
- maximum sentence
-
- scale of seriousness, and, [65-130]
- multiple victims, [19-890]
- non-parole period, [19-840]
- objective seriousness, [19-870], [65-130]
- planned criminal activity, [19-890]
- principle
- prohibited plants, offences relating to, [19-810]
- public safety, disregard for, [19-890]
- quantity and purity of drug, [19-870], [65-130]
- rehabilitation, [19-835]
- role and participation of offender, [19-870], [65-130]
- standard non-parole period, [19-840]
- subjective factors, [19-880], [65-140]
- substantial injury or harm, [19-890]
- summary disposal, [65-130]
- supply, [19-830]
- trafficking, [19-835]
- type of drug, relevance of, [19-870], [65-130]
- voluntary cessation of criminal activity, [19-835]
- vulnerability of offender, [19-880]
- vulnerability of victim, [19-890]
- Duress
-
- offender acting under, [11-240]
E
- Economic factors
-
- Indigenous persons, [10-470]
- Emotional harm
- Entrapment
-
- culpability, and, [10-510]
- Environmental offences
-
- marine pollution
-
- dismissal of charge, [5-040]
- Errors in sentencing
- Escape
- Ethnicity
- Evidence
- Evidence Act 1995
- Extra-curial punishment
-
- mitigation, [10-520]
-
- abuse, harassment and/or threats, [10-520]
- Child Protection Offender Register, registration on, [10-520], [17-570]
- children, sexual offences against, [17-570]
- injuries to offender, [10-520]
- media coverage, [10-520]
- professional ramifications, [10-520]
- public humiliation, [10-520]
- retribution/revenge extracted, [10-520]
- self-inflicted injuries, [10-520]
- sexual assault, [20-770]
- solicitors struck off roll, [10-520]
- Extra-curial suffering
-
- driving offences, [18-380]
F
- Fact finding
-
- aggravating factors, [1-430]
- Commonwealth offenders, sentencing, [16-010]
- conspiracy, [65-320]
- dangerousness, [10-460]
- disputed issues
- exceptions, [1-445], [17-500]
- guilty plea, following, [1-445], [1-450]
- judicial task, [1-400]
- jury verdict, following, [1-440]
- mitigating factors, [1-430]
- onus of proof, [1-405]
- plea agreements, [1-455]
- sentence, at, [1-400]
- standard of proof, [1-410]
- untested self-serving statements, [1-490]
- Facts statements
-
- agreed — see Agreed statement of facts
- Failure to stop and assist
-
- offences, [18-415]
- Family
- Federal offences — see Commonwealth offenders
- Fines
-
- accumulation, [6-110]
- availability, [6-110]
- child offenders, [15-110]
- Children’s Court, [6-170]
- Commissioner of Fines Administration, [6-100], [6-140]
- Commonwealth offences, [6-160]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-030]
- community service, order requiring, [6-140]
-
- failure to comply with, [6-140]
- conditional release orders, [6-130]
- corporations, [6-110]
-
- enforcement, [6-140]
- default provisions, [6-140]
- discretionary power, [6-110]
- enforcement, [6-160]
- enforcement order, [6-120]
- financial payment in lieu of, [6-150]
- good behaviour bonds, and, [6-170]
- indictable offences, [6-110]
- mandatory considerations, [6-110]
- monetary penalty, [6-100]
- notification, [6-120]
- payment
- payment details, [6-120]
- penalty units, [6-100], [6-110], [6-160]
- procedure, [6-120]
- statutory scheme, [6-100]
- totality, and, [8-210]
- Fire
- Firearm offences
-
- aggravation, [60-040]
- aggregate sentence, [60-040]
- assault, [50-140]
- assessing seriousness, [60-050]
- causing danger, [60-070]
- Crimes Act 1900, under, [60-070]
- deterrence, [60-050]
- discharge with intent, [60-070]
- good character, [60-040]
- laser pointers, [60-060]
- manufacture, unauthorised, [60-045]
- Muldrock v The Queen, [60-040]
- possession, unauthorised, [60-030]
- prohibited weapons, [60-060]
- public safety, disregard for, [60-040]
- purchase, unauthorised, [60-050]
- robbery, [20-310]
- sale, authorised, [60-050]
- standard non-parole periods, [8-000], [60-040], [60-050]
- statutory provisions, [60-000]
- use, unauthorised, [60-030]
-
- seriousness, assessing, [60-040]
- Weapons Prohibition Act 1998, under, [60-060]
- worst cases, [60-040], [60-060]
- Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) — see Mental condition
- Foreign nationals
- Form 1 offences — sentencing
-
- benefits of admitting guilt, [13-212]
- “bottom up” approach, [13-210]
- break and enter offences, [17-060]
- charge negotiations, [13-275]
- consistent sentencing, [10-024]
- Crown’s obligation to strike a balance, [13-250]
- deterrence and retribution, [13-217]
- further offences taken into account, [13-200]
- guideline judgment, [13-210]
- legislation, [13-200]
- numerous offences, [13-240]
- offences, [13-240]
-
- Crown’s decision, [13-250]
- pre-sentence custody, and, [12-510]
- principal offence, focus on, [13-210]
- procedure’s effects, [13-270]
- quantification of effect, [13-210], [13-215]
- rationale, [13-210]
- rejection, [13-260]
- retribution, and, [2-297]
- serious offences, [13-240]
- statutory requirements, [13-200]
- unrelated offences, [13-240]
- Fraud
-
- aggravating factors, [19-980], [19-990]
- breach of trust cases, [10-060], [19-930]
- circumstances, special, [20-030]
- commonly prosecuted offences, previous scheme, [20-040]–[20-100]
- conspiracy, [65-320]
- credit card offences, [20-050]
- Crimes Amendment (Fraud, Identity and Forgery Offences) Act 2009 (rep), [20-110]
- deterrent sentences, [19-940]
- directors, cheating or defrauding, [20-100]
- false instrument, making or using, [20-060]
- false or misleading statements, [20-090]
- identity offences, [19-930]
- larceny by clerk or servant, [20-105]
- misappropriation of money collected/received, [20-080]
- mitigating factors, [19-980], [20-000]
- moral culpability, [20-000]
- objective seriousness, [19-970]
- obtaining money or valuables by deception, [20-050]
- offence, nature of, [19-930]
- parole, [20-030]
- special circumstances
-
- Corbett’s case, [20-030]
- statistics, reference to, [19-960]
- statutory scheme, previous, commonly prosecuted offences under, [20-040]
-
- table of new and repealed offences, [19-930]
- table of new and repealed offences, [19-930]
- totality principle, [20-020]
- white collar crime, generalisations, [19-950], [20-020]
- worst class of case, [20-050]
- Fresh evidence rule — see Appeals
G
- General deterrence — see Deterrence
- Good behaviour bonds — see Conditional release orders
- Grievous bodily harm
- Griffiths remand
- Guideline judgments
-
- Attorney General, on application of, [13-610]
- break, enter and steal, [17-020]
- “check”, as, [13-630]
- children, [15-090]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- concept and purpose, [13-600]
- dangerous driving, [18-320]
- departure from, reasons for, [13-630]
- drug importation, [13-620], [65-150]
- Form 1 offences, [13-210]
- guideline judgments, promulgation of, [13-620]
- guidelines, [13-630]
- guilty plea, [11-520]
- juvenile offenders, [15-090]
- legislative reforms, [2-000]
- own motion, on, [13-610]
- robbery, [20-240]
-
- effect on offences other than armed robbery, [20-250]
- “sounding board”, as, [13-630]
- standard non-parole period offences, [13-640]
- statutory scheme, [13-610]
- test case, [13-620]
- Guilty plea
-
- child offender, [15-110]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
-
- discounting, [16-010]
- contrition, and, [10-420], [16-010]
- court obligations, [11-504]
- Crown case, relevance of strength, [11-520]
- delay, [11-520]
- discount, [11-520]
-
- purely utilitarian discount, [16-010]
- discount scheme, [11-510], [11-515]
- fact finding following, [1-450]
- guideline judgment, [11-520]
- mandatory life sentence, [8-610]
- remorse, and, [11-530], [16-010]
- setting aside guilty plea, [11-505]
- statutory discount scheme, [11-500]
- taken into account, [11-500]
-
- Borkowski principles, [11-520]
- extreme circumstances, [11-520]
- Form 1, on a, [11-525]
- intention to plead guilty, [11-510]
- mitigation, [11-510]
- no penalty for pleading not guilty, [11-503]
- plea combined with other factors, [11-530]
- voluntary disclosure of unknown guilt, [12-218]
- willingness to facilitate course of justice, [11-520]
- transparency, [11-520]
- utilitarian value of, [11-520]
- voluntary disclosure, [12-218]
- willingness to facilitate course of justice, [11-520]
- withdrawal of plea, [11-505]
H
- Harassment
-
- extra-curial punishment, [10-520]
- Hardship
- Health — see Mental health
- Hearsay
-
- evidence, [1-490]
- Hili v The Queen
- Home detention
-
- 2018 sentencing reforms
-
- abolished, Table, [3-500]
- Home invasion
I
- ICOs — see Intensive correction orders
- Immigration detention
- Imprisonment
-
- advanced age, [10-430]
- alternatives to imprisonment
-
- community correction orders, [4-400] — see also Community correction orders
- conditional release orders, [4-700] — see also Conditional release orders
- conviction with no other penalty, [5-300]
- deferral for rehabilitation, [5-400] — see also Deferral of sentence
- dismissal of charges, [5-030] — see also Discharging under conditional release orderDismissal of charges under s 10(1)(b)
- fines, [6-100] — see also Fines
- intensive correction order, [3-600] — see also Intensive correction orders
- non-association order, [6-500] — see also Non-association and place restriction orders
- penalties, [3-000]
- place restriction order, [6-500] — see also Non-association and place restriction orders
- suspended sentences, [5-700] — see also Suspended sentences
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-040]
- custody — see Custody
- detention centre — see Detention centre
- Indigenous persons, [10-470]
- intensive correction orders, [3-630]
- juvenile offenders, [15-070]
- life — see Common law; Consecutive sentences; Life sentences; Mandatory life sentences; Worst cases
- protective custody, special circumstances, [7-514]
- sanction of last resort, [3-300]
- short terms, [3-300]
- two years or less, sentence of
- Incest
-
- penalties, [20-730]
- Indecent assault — see Sexual assault
- Indigenous persons
- Injury
- Inmates
- Intensive correction orders
-
- 2018 sentencing reforms
-
- restructured, Table, [3-500]
- additional references, [3-710]
- aggregate sentencing, [3-620]
- appeals, [3-690]
- assessment reports, [3-635]
-
- risk of re-offending, [3-632]
- availability, [3-600]
- breach, [3-670]
- child pornography, [3-630]
- commencement, [3-660]
- Commonwealth offences, [3-680]
- Commonwealth offenders
-
- conditions, [16-010]
- community safety consideration, [3-632]
- conditions, [3-640]
- court pronouncement, [3-660]
- domestic violence, [63-505]
- drug and alcohol restrictions, [3-640]
- existingbreaches, [3-690]
- federal offences, [3-680]
- full-time imprisonment, instead of, [3-630]
- further reading, [3-710]
- home detention orders, existing, [3-690]
- imprisonment, as, [3-630]
- inherent leniency, [3-630]
- multiple orders, [3-650]
- offender assessment/suitability, [3-620]
- provisions, [3-660]
- punishment, issue of, [3-630]
- references, additional, [3-710]
- rehabilitation, [3-620]
- requirements, [3-660]
- restrictions, [3-620], [3-660]
- revocation, [3-670]
- sentencing option, [3-600]
- sexual offences, prescribed, [3-620], [17-540], [20-750]
- terms, [3-660]
- Intervention programs
- Intoxication — see Alcohol
- Investigations
-
- hindering, [20-150]
J
- JIRS sentencing statistics — see Statistics
- Joint criminal enterprise
- Judicial officers
- Jurisdiction
- Jury
- Juveniles — see Children; Young offenders
K
- Kidnapping — see Detain for advantage
-
- attempts to commit, [18-705]
- Crimes Act 1900, under, [18-700]
- detaining for advantage, [18-715]
- domestic violence, [18-715]
- double counting, [18-720]
- gravamen of offence, [18-700]
- joint criminal enterprise and role, [18-730]
- motivation, [18-715]
- non-custodial sentences, inappropriate, [18-715]
- seriousness of offence, factors, [18-715]
- use of statistics, [18-715]
- vigilante action, [18-715]
- Knives
-
- robbery, [20-310]
- Knowledge
-
- mental condition, and, [10-460]
L
- Legal counsel
- Licence, conditional release on
- Life sentences
-
- age, effective life sentence due to, [8-610]
- extreme culpability, [8-620]
- mandatory, [8-600] — see Mandatory life sentences
- murder, [30-030] — see also Mandatory life sentences
-
- Limiting terms — see Mental health
- Local Court
- Loss or damage
- Lowe v The Queen
M
- Mandatory life sentences
-
- age, effective life sentence due to, [8-610]
- availability, [8-600]
- burden of proof, [8-610]
- common law cases that attract the maximum, comparison, [8-630], [10-000], [10-005]
- drug offences, serious, [8-600]
- extreme culpability, [8-620]
-
- multiple offences, [8-640]
- guilty plea, [8-610]
- juveniles, [8-600]
- multiple offences, [8-640]
- murder, [8-600] — see also Life sentences
- offence so grave as to warrant maximum penalty, [10-000]
- subjective features, [8-610]
- two-step process, [8-610]
- Manslaughter
-
- accessories after the fact, [40-060]
- categories, [40-010]
- children, of, [40-020]
- conduct, range of, [40-010]
- consistent sentencing, [10-020], [10-024]
- criminal negligence, [40-010]
- dangerous driving occasioning death, [18-350]
- defences, multiple partial, [40-010]
- excessive self-defence, [40-010]
- guilty plea, discount for rejected offer, [40-040]
- infanticide, [40-070]
- joint criminal enterprise, [40-050]
- maximum penalty, cases attracting, [40-010]
- motor vehicle, [18-350], [40-030]
- murder, distinguished, [40-000]
- objective criminality, [40-000]
- offence so grave as to warrant maximum penalty, [10-000], [40-010]
- protean crime, as, [40-000]
- provocation, [40-010]
- sentencing in other cases
- substantial impairment, [40-010]
- unlawful and dangerous act, [40-010]
- Marine pollution
-
- dismissal of charge, [5-040]
- Maximum penalty
- Medical treatment
- Mental condition
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-110]
- deterrence, and, [2-240]
- drug addiction, and, [10-485], [20-290]
- foetal alcohol spectrum disorder, [10-450]
- fraud offences, [20-000]
- intellectual disability, [10-460]
- intermediate appellate court checklists, [10-460]
- knowledge, and, [10-460]
-
- moral culpability, [10-460]
- limiting terms, [90-040]
- Muldrock v The Queen, [10-460]
- non-parole periods, and, [7-514]
- objective factor, [7-910]
- offender
- purpose of punishment, [20-290]
- rehabilitation, [10-460]
- robbery and, [20-290]
- s 10(1)(b) orders, application of s 10(3) factors, [5-030]
- sexual assault offences, [20-770]
- special circumstances, [10-450]
- Mental health
-
- chronic illness, [10-450]
- criminal justice system, and, [90-000]
- diverting mentally disordered defendants, [90-050]
- foetal alcohol spectrum disorder, [10-450]
- magistrates, summary proceedings before, [90-050]
-
- mentally ill persons, [90-050]
- physical disability, [10-450]
- sentencing options, special hearings, [90-030]
-
- limiting terms, [90-040]
- special circumstances, [10-450]
- Supreme and District Court, criminal proceedings, [90-010]
-
- dismissal, [90-020]
- Miscarriage of justice
- Misconduct in public office
- Mitigating factors
-
- addiction, [10-485], [19-880]
- advanced age, [10-430]
-
- children, sexual offences against, [17-570]
- aggravating factors, mirroring, [11-200]
- ameliorative conduct, [10-560]
- assistance to authorities
- break and enter, [17-070]
- children, sexual offences against, [17-440], [17-570]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- confiscation, [11-000]
- contrition, [10-420], [11-290]
- delay, [2-260], [10-530]
-
- fraud, [20-000]
- deportation, [10-570]
- deprived background, [10-475]
- driving offences, [18-380]
- drug addiction, not mitigating factor, [10-485]
- drug offences, [19-870], [19-880], [19-890], [65-130], [65-140]
- emotional harm, not substantial, [11-210]
- entrapment, [10-510]
- extra-curial punishment, [10-520], [20-770]
-
- children, sexual offences against, [17-570]
- fact finding, [1-430]
- foetal alcohol spectrum disorder, [10-450]
- forfeiture, [11-000]
- fraud, [20-000]
- gambling addiction, not mitigating factor, [20-010]
- good character, [10-410]
- guilty plea
-
- fraud, [20-000]
- hardship — see Hardship
- health, [10-450]
- “in addition to any Act or rule of law”, [11-000]
- injury, not substantial, [11-210]
- intoxication, [10-480]
- legislation
-
- background, [11-010]
- loss or damage, not substantial, [11-210]
- mental condition, [10-460]
- murder, [30-030]
- non-mitigating factors
- personal violence offences, [50-150], [50-160]
- pre-trial disclosure by defence, [11-220]
- prior convictions, absence of, [10-400], [11-250]
- provocation, [11-230]
- race and ethnicity, consideration of, [10-470]
- rehabilitation
- remorse, [11-290]
-
- fraud, [20-000]
- reparations, Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- restitution, [10-540]
-
- fraud, [20-000]
- sentencing error, [11-020]
- sexual assault, [20-770], [20-810]
- summary disposal, possibility of, [10-080]
- voluntary rectification, [10-560]
- youth, [10-440], [11-280], [15-010], [15-015]
- Money laundering (Cth)
-
- breadth of conduct, [65-205]
- character, [65-240]
- Commonwealth statutory scheme, [65-200]
- De Simoni principle, application of, [65-215]
-
- knowledge taken into account, [65-215]
- factors, other, [65-235]
- factual findings, [65-225]
- Financial Transaction Reports Act 1988, [65-250]
- general deterrence, [65-220]
- related offences, relevance of, [65-245]
- sentencing range, [65-210]
- seriousness, relevant considerations, [65-200]
- structuring offences, [65-245], [65-250]
- worst cases, [65-205]
- Moral culpability
- Muldrock v The Queen
-
- aggregate sentences, [7-500]
- appeals, earlier and later cases, [7-955]
- cases decided before decision, [7-955]
- common law principles, [11-120], [12-810]
- firearm offence, [60-040]
- history, [7-895]
- length of non-parole periods, move upwards, [7-990], [17-430], [20-620], [20-640]
- mental condition, [10-460], [11-300], [50-080]
- middle range offences, [17-480]
- “objective seriousness”, [10-010], [19-830]
- parole conditions, [7-580]
- pre-Muldrock
- rehabilitation in prison, [2-260]
- sentencing procedure, [7-920]
- sentencing, purposes of, [2-210]
- special circumstances, [7-514]
- standard non-parole period, [7-890], [7-895], [7-910], [7-920], [7-955], [7-990]
- Multiple offences
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-035]
- community-based orders
- concurrent sentences — see Concurrent sentences
- consecutive sentences — see Consecutive sentences
- double punishment, [8-230]
- JIRS statistics, [10-024]
- murder, life sentences, [30-030]
- non-custodial sentences, [7-507]
- non-parole periods, [7-507], [7-980]
-
- pre-sentence custody, [12-500]
- overlapping charges, [8-230]
- settled propositions regarding, [7-507]
- Multiple offenders
-
- participation, degree of, [10-050]
- Murder — see Manslaughter
-
- accessories, [30-080]
- aggravating factors, [30-040]
- attempted, [30-100]
- children, exposure of, [30-040]
- comparative sentencing, [10-022]
- concealment of another offence, [30-040]
- conspiracy to solicit, [30-090]
- contract killings, [30-040]
- defences, rejection of, [30-050]
- definition, [30-000]
- domestic violence context, [30-047]
- extortion, and, [30-040]
- financial greed, motivated by, [30-040]
- future dangerousness, [30-040]
- identifiable bases of liability, [30-000]
- joint criminal enterprise, [30-070]
- life sentences, [30-030]
- maximum penalty, cases attracting, [30-030], [30-040]
- motive, relevance of, [30-045]
- multiple, [30-030]
- mutilation of deceased, [30-040]
- objective seriousness, [30-010]
- offence so grave as to warrant maximum penalty, [10-000]
- police officers, of, [30-020]
- political, [30-040]
- post-offence conduct, [10-015]
- protean crime, as, [10-022]
- provisional sentencing of children under 16 years, [30-025]
- seriousness, [30-010]
- standard non-parole periods, [30-020]
- substantial harm to family, [30-040]
- worst cases, [30-030], [30-040], [30-090]
N
- Non-association and place restriction orders
-
- aggregate sentencing, [6-500]
- availability, [6-500]
- breaches, [6-520]
- child offender, [15-110]
- community-based orders, [6-520]
- constraints, [6-520]
- content, [6-520]
- limited non-association order, [6-520]
- restriction, [6-510]
- suspension, [6-520]
- types, [6-520]
- unlimited non-association order, [6-520]
- variation and revocation, [6-520]
- Non-custodial community-based orders
- Non-parole periods — see Parole; Standard non-parole periods
-
- aggregate sentences, [7-500], [7-505], [7-507], [7-508], [7-520], [7-540], [7-550], [7-560], [7-980]
- approach on appeal, [7-955]
- car-jacking, [20-400]
- commencement of sentence, [7-540]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-050]
- concurrency, [16-050]
- concurrent and consecutive sentences, [8-230]
- consideration, setting of, [7-500]
- court to set, [7-500]
- cumulation, [16-050]
- deportation, and, [10-570], [16-050]
- double counting, [7-512], [12-510]
- drug offences, [19-840]
- forward dating sentences, [7-547]
- fraud, deterrence and, [20-030]
- general deterrence, [7-500]
- juvenile offenders, [15-070]
- legislative reform, [2-000]
- less than 6 months, [7-530]
- long-term offenders, [7-514]
- Muldrock v The Queen, [7-890], [7-895], [7-920], [7-955], [7-985]
- murder, [30-020]
- pronouncement error, [7-500]
- protective custody, [17-570]
- refusal to set, [7-520]
- rehabilitation, and, [2-260], [7-514]
- release date, information relating to, [7-550]
- re-opening not available, [7-955]
- restriction on sentence structure, [7-500]
- self-punishment, [7-514]
- setting of, considerations, [7-500]
- six months or less, [7-530]
- special circumstances — see Special circumstances
- standard — see Standard non-parole periods
- term, restrictions on, [7-560]
- terrorism offences, [16-050]
O
- Objective factors — see Standard non-parole periods
-
- addiction, [10-485]
-
- robbery, [20-280]
- breach of trust, [10-060], [11-160]
- concealing serious indictable offence, [20-150]
- consistency in sentencing, [10-020], [10-022]
- drug offences, [19-870], [19-890], [65-130]
- element of offence, as existing, [11-000], [11-040], [11-070], [11-080], [11-100], [11-120], [11-140], [11-160]–[11-190]
- fraud cases, application to, [19-970]
- hindering investigation, [20-150]
- intoxication, [10-480]
- Liang principle, [10-085]
- maximum penalty, cases attracting, [10-005]
- mental condition, relevance of, [10-460]
- ongoing offending, [10-400]
- participation, degree of, [10-050]
- perjury, [20-170]
- perverting the course of justice, [20-150]
- post-offence conduct, [10-015]
- premeditation and planning, [10-040]
- prior record, [10-400], [11-250], [17-440]
- proportionality, [10-010]
- regime, less punitive, [10-085]
- representative charges, [10-030]
- scope of s 21A(1)(c), [11-010]
- sexual assault, [20-630]
- summary disposal, possibility of, [10-080]
- undetected offending, [10-400]
- victim, impact on
- worst cases, [10-005], [20-660]
- youth of offender, [10-440], [11-280], [15-010], [15-015]
- Objective seriousness — see Objective factors; Standard non-parole periods
- Obligations of the parties
- Offences
-
- additional, taking into account, [13-200]
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- adequate punishment for, [2-230], [3-630], [16-010]
- break and enter — see Break and enter
- conceal corpse
-
- objective seriousness, [30-105]
- driving — see Driving offences
- drug — see Drug offences
- environmental — see Environmental offences
- firearm — see Armed robbery; Firearm offences
- further
- multiple, [8-640]
- not charged, sentencing for, [10-030]
- ongoing, [10-400]
- post-offence conduct, [10-015]
- principal, focus on, [13-210]
- proportionality, [10-010]
- public safety, disregard for, [11-140]
- sentencing and offence, delay between, [2-260], [10-530]
- sentencing statistics, [10-020], [10-024], [10-025], [10-027], [65-130]
- serious children’s indictable, [15-000], [15-040]
- sexual assault — see Children, sexual offences against; Sexual assault
- subsequent
-
- prior to sentencing, [10-400]
- undetected, [10-400]
- worst cases, [20-660]
- Offenders — see Parties
-
- accountability, [2-270]
- addressing court, [1-040]
- advanced age as mitigating factor, [10-440], [11-280], [11-300]
- assistance to authorities — see Assistance to authorities
- child — see Children
- Commonwealth — see Commonwealth offenders
- community correction order, suitability for, [4-420]
- co-offenders — see Co-offenders
- denunciation of conduct, [2-280]
- deprived background, of, [10-475]
- duress, under, [11-240]
- excluded from parole, [7-600]
- immaturity, [10-430]
- Indigenous, [10-470]
- intensive correction orders, suitability for, [3-620]
-
- supervision levels, [3-640]
- long term
-
- non-parole periods, [7-514]
- meeting whole case, opportunity of, [1-050]
- mental condition, relevance, [10-460]
-
- knowledge, and, [10-460]
- participation, degree of, [10-050]
- race and ethnicity, [10-470]
- sentencing statistics
-
- offender and offence characteristics, [10-026]
- sex offenders — see Sex offenders
- traffic offender intervention program, [5-440]
- young — see Young offenders
- Onus of proof — see Burden of proof
-
- sentence, at, [1-405]
- Open court
-
- proceedings must take place in, [1-000]
- Organised criminal activity
P
- Parity
-
- children, sentencing principles for, [15-090]
- consistency, [10-801]
- Crown appeals, [10-850]
- different charges, [10-810]
- disparity, [10-801], [10-810], [10-830], [10-840], [10-850]
- justifiable grievance, [10-805]
-
- lesser charges, [10-810]
- juvenile and adult co-offenders, [10-820], [20-300]
- limitations, [10-810]
- Lowe v The Queen, [10-805]
- severity appeals, [10-840]
- special circumstances, [7-514]
- totality principle, [10-830]
- Parity principle
- Parole
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-070]
- conditions on, [7-580]
- deportees, potential, [10-570]
- eligibility date, [7-550]
- excluded offenders, [7-600]
- non-parole periods — see Non-parole periods
- offence committed in breach of, [10-550], [12-510]
-
- impact on rehabilitation, [10-550]
- orders
- release date, [7-550]
- revocation
- Participation
-
- degree of, [10-050]
- Parties — see Defence; Offenders
- Passports
-
- restrictions on, [16-100]
- Penalties — see Fines
-
- additional offences, taking into account, [13-200]
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- alteration of, [3-010]
- child offenders, [15-010], [15-040], [15-110]
- child sexual assault, [17-400]
- double jeopardy, [3-020]
- further offences taken into account, [13-200]
- imprisonment, [3-300], [3-310]
- increased
-
- child sexual assault, [17-400]
- intensive correction orders, [3-300]
- interpretation of provisions, [3-000]
- maximum, [10-000]
- reduction of, [3-030]
- Perjury
-
- public justice offence, [20-170]
- Personal violence offences — see Domestic violence
- Physical disability
-
- mitigating factor, as, [10-450]
- Place restriction orders — see Non-association and place restriction orders
- Plea
-
- agreements
- guilty — see Guilty plea
- Police
-
- charge negotiations, [13-275]
- duty of disclosure, [1-205]
- entrapment, [10-510]
- misconduct in public office, [20-190]
- prosecutor to consult with, [13-275]
- protective custody, in, [10-500], [17-570]
- public justice offences, [20-140]
- resisting/hindering/impersonating, [20-190]
- undercover police, supplying drugs to, [19-860]
- victims, [11-060]
- Ponfield
- Pornography
- Pregnancy
-
- hardship, and, [10-490]
- Premeditation
- Prerogative of mercy
-
- Commonwealth offenders, sentencing, [16-010]
- Pre-sentence custody
-
- backdating, [12-500]
- counting time, [12-500]
- credit for, [12-500]
- Drug Court, [12-530]
- Form 1 offences, [12-510]
- immigration detention, [12-510]
- intervention programs, [12-520]
- manipulation of, [3-610]
- MERIT, [12-530]
- parole, and, [12-510]
- protective custody, [10-500], [12-510], [17-570]
- residential program, in, [12-530]
- revoking bail and, [12-500]
- suspended sentences, [5-800]
- time in custody for alternative offence, [12-510]
- Pre-sentence reports
- Prior record
-
- antecedents, duty of Crown to furnish, [10-400]
- appeal, subject to, [10-400]
- child offender, [10-400]
- foreign convictions, [10-400]
- gap in history of offending, [10-400]
- good behaviour bonds, [10-400]
- principle of proportionality, and, [10-400]
- reasons for referring to, [10-400]
- serious personal violence offences, [11-090]
- spent convictions, [10-400]
- use in sentencing, [10-400]
- Probation
- Probation and Parole Service — see Parole
-
- matters solely for, [7-570]
- Procedural fairness
-
- addressing court on issues, [1-040]
- adjournment of sentence proceedings, [1-040]
- appeals, [1-060]
- excessive intervention by the court, [1-045]
- fair opportunity, [1-050]
- high risk offenders, [1-070]
- meeting whole case, opportunity of, [1-050]
- open court, [1-000]
- proposed sentence later increased, [1-040], [1-060]
- reasons for decision — see Reasons
- serious offence warnings, [1-070]
- terrorism-related offenders, [1-070]
- Proof
- Property
-
- damage or destruction
-
- s 10 order, [5-040]
- Prosecution/prosecutor
- Prostitution
- Protection of society
- Protective custody — see Custody
- Provocation
- Psychiatric care
- Public justice offences
-
- administration of justice, interference with, [20-150]
-
- stage of proceedings, [20-150]
- bribery, [20-180]
- concealing serious indictable offence, [20-150]
- conspiracy, [20-180]
- contempt — see Contempt
- corruption, [20-180]
- De Simoni principle, [20-150]
- deterrence and denunciation, [20-130]
- disrespectful behaviour in court, [20-158]
- false statements, [20-150], [20-170]
- judicial officers, [20-140]
- misconduct in public office, [20-190]
- motive, [20-150], [20-170]
- perjury, [20-170]
- perverting the course of justice, [20-150]
- police officers, [20-140]
- politicians, [20-140], [20-190]
-
- misconduct in public office, [20-190]
- public officials, committed by, [20-140]
- resisting/hindering/impersonating police, [20-190]
- seriousness, [20-120]
- solicitors, [20-140]
- Public safety
- Punishment
- Purposes of sentencing
-
- accountability, [2-270]
- adequate punishment for offence, [2-230], [3-630], [16-010]
- common law, [2-200], [2-210]
- denunciation of conduct, [2-280]
- deterrence, as, [2-240], [16-010]
- enactment of s 3A, [2-210]
- general deterrence, [2-240]
- hierarchy, [2-200]
- Muldrock v The Queen, [2-210], [2-240]
- protection of community, [2-250]
- rehabilitation, [2-260], [16-010], [20-300]
- retribution, [2-270], [2-297]
- victim, recognition of harm to, [2-290], [12-810]
R
- R v Henry
-
- addiction, relevance of, [19-880], [20-010], [20-300]
- application of, [10-040], [15-090], [20-300]
- break, enter and steal, [17-020]
- drug addiction not mitigating factor, [10-485]
- effect on offences other than armed robbery, [10-040], [20-250]
- guideline judgment for armed robbery, [10-040], [13-620], [20-240], [20-270], [20-290]
- R v Ponfield — see Ponfield
- R v Way
- R v Whyte
-
- authoritative statement, last, [13-630]
- compartmentalising, difficulties of, [9-710]
- extent of injuries, [18-360]
- guidance for dangerous navigation, [18-430]
- guideline for dangerous driving offence, [18-300], [18-320], [18-330]
- length of journey, [18-336]
- mitigating factors, [18-380]
- proportionality principle, [10-010]
- test case for guideline judgments, [13-620]
- R v Wong and Leung
- Race
- Reasons
-
- aggravating factors
-
- clear findings as to, [11-030]
- brevity and adequacy, [1-010]
- Children’s Court, [15-110]
- Commonwealth offenders, sentencing, [16-010]
- contemporaneity with passing of sentence, [1-020]
- failure to backdate sentence, [12-500]
- publication in oral form, [1-030]
- reasoning process revealed, [1-010]
- requirement to give, [1-010]
- seriousness of the offence, [1-010]
- Recognisances — see Conditional release orders
- Recording a conviction
- Reduction of penalties
- Rehabilitation
-
- adjournment for — see Deferral of sentence
- at large, [2-260]
- children, sexual offences against
-
- offender undertakes treatment, [17-570]
- conditional liberty, impact on, [10-550]
- deferral of sentence, [5-400]
- delay, during a period of, [10-530]
- drug trafficker, [19-835]
- good prospects for, [11-270], [11-280]
- Griffiths remand, [2-000]
- intervention programs — see Intervention programs
- lengthening sentences, [2-260]
- mental condition, and, [10-460]
- offence and sentencing, delay between, [2-260], [10-530]
- ongoing, [2-260]
- parole, and, [2-260]
- residential care — see Residential programs
- sentencing, and, [2-260], [16-010]
- special circumstances, [7-514]
- young offenders, [20-300]
- Release date
-
- information relating to, [7-550]
- Remorse — see Repentance and remorse
- Reparation
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-020]
- Repentance and remorse
- Representative charges
-
- sentencing, and, [10-030]
- Residential programs
-
- Bennelong Haven, [12-530]
- Byron Private Treatment Centre, [12-530]
- Glen Rehabilitation Centre, [12-530]
- Guthrie House, [12-530]
- Northside Clinic, [12-530]
- Odyssey House, [12-530]
- ONE80TC, [12-530]
- quasi-custody, as, [12-530]
- Salvation Army Bridge Program, [12-530]
- Selah House, [12-530]
- William Booth House, [12-530]
- Restitution
- Retrial
- Retribution
- Road offences — see Driving offences
- Robbery
-
- aggravation, [20-230]
- aiders and abettors, [20-290]
- armed — see Armed robbery
- assault with intent to rob or steal, [20-220]
- bag snatching, [20-220]
- company in, [20-250]
- concurrent or cumulative sentences, [8-230]
- Crown appeals, Table, [20-310]
- culpability, [20-290]
- De Simoni principle, [1-500], [20-210], [20-220], [20-250], [20-260], [20-280]
- definition, [20-200]
- drug addiction, and, [20-300]
- essence of, [20-200]
- firearms, [20-290]
- Form 1 offences, [20-290]
- guideline judgment (R v Henry), [20-240]
-
- effect on offences other than armed robbery, [20-250]
- intellectual functioning, [20-300]
- joint criminal enterprise, [20-290]
- knives, [20-290]
- maximum penalty, cases attracting, [20-220], [20-280]
- mental health, [20-300]
- most exceptional circumstances test, [20-260]
- multiple counts, [20-290]
- objective factors, [20-290]
- offensive weapon, [20-250], [20-260], [20-270]
- parity, [20-290]
- principals in the second degree, [20-290]
- standard non-parole periods, [8-000]
- statutory scheme, [20-210]
- stealing from a person, distinguished, [20-220]
- subjective factors, [20-300]
- summary disposal of, [20-220]
- syringes, [20-290]
-
- impact statements, [12-840]
- Table, Crown appeals, [20-310]
- totality, [20-290]
- victims, [20-290]
- weapons, use of, [20-290]
- young offenders, [20-300]
- Roll of solicitors
-
- struck off
-
- extra-curial punishment, [10-520]
- Rule of law, s 21A(4)
-
- interpretation, [11-040]
S
- Section 12 good behaviour bonds — see Suspended sentences
-
- 2018 sentencing reforms, abolished, [5-782]
- Section 21A, [11-000] — see also Aggravating factors; Mitigating factors
-
- Sentence, commencement of
-
- backdating, [7-540], [12-500]
- bail conditions, [7-540], [12-530]
- forward dating, [7-540], [7-547]
- intervention programs, participation in, [7-540], [12-520]
- MERIT, [7-540], [12-520]
- offences while on parole, [7-540], [12-510]
- pre-sentence custody, [7-540], [12-500]
- protective custody, [7-540], [10-500]
- Sentencing consistency, [10-022]
- Sentencing guidelines — see Guideline judgments
- Sentencing principles, [16-002], [16-010], [17-541]
- Sentencing remarks
- Sentencing statistics — see Statistics
- Sentencing, comparative, [10-020], [10-022]
-
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-002]
- Setting terms of imprisonment — see Non-parole periods
-
- aggregate sentences, [7-500], [7-505]
- commencement of sentence, [7-540]
- considerations, relevant, [7-500], [7-505]
- court not to set, [7-530]
- court parole orders, [7-570], [7-580]
- court’s refusal to set, [7-520]
- court to set, [7-500]
- exclusion, [7-600]
- forward dating sentences, [7-547]
- implicit accumulation, necessity for, [7-505]
- indicative sentences, [7-505], [7-507]
- mixture of Commonwealth and State offences, [7-570]
- obligations to assess, [7-505]
- release date, information about, [7-550]
- restrictions on sentence term, [7-560]
- risk of re-offending, [7-500]
- rounding sentences to months, [7-545]
- settled propositions regarding, [7-507]
- special circumstances — see Special circumstances
- warrant of commitment, [7-590]
- Sex offenders
- Sexual assault — see Children, sexual offences against; Indecent assault
-
- age gap, [20-630]
- aggravated, [8-230], [20-620], [20-660]
- aggravating factors, [20-760], [20-810]
- anal penetration, [20-630]
- assault with intent to have intercourse, [20-680]
- attempted intercourse, [20-640]
- bestiality, [20-740]
- child — see Children, sexual offences against
- coercion, procured by, [20-700]
- cognitive impairment, victim with, [20-710]
- community attitudes, [20-604]
- concurrent or consecutive sentences, [8-230]
- consistent sentencing, [10-024]
- context of offending, [20-630]
- Crimes Act 1900, under, [20-600]
- cultural conditioning, [20-775]
- cunnilingus, [20-630]
- De Simoni principle, [1-500], [20-650]
- delay, impact on offender, [20-770]
- digital penetration, [20-630]
- domestic context, [20-775]
- dress, victim’s, [20-775]
- emotional harm, [20-810]
- evidence of uncharged criminal acts, [20-840]
- extra-curial punishment, [20-770]
- fellatio, [20-630]
- forced self-manipulation, [20-720]
- hardship of custody, [20-770]
- home invasion, [8-230], [20-760]
- incest, [20-730]
- indecent assault, [20-690]
- injury, substantial, [20-810]
- intercourse without consent, [20-640]
- intimidation, procured by, [20-700]
- intoxication, [20-760]
- maximum penalties, increases, [20-610]
-
- effect, [20-610]
- medical practitioner as offender, [20-760]
- mental condition of offender, [20-770]
- mitigating factors, [20-770], [20-810]
- multiple offences, [20-830]
-
- concurrent or consecutive sentences, [8-230]
- non-mitigating factors at sentence, [20-775]
- non-parole period
- non-violent threats, procured by, [20-700]
- objective gravity, assessing, [20-630]
- penetration, forms of, [20-630]
- prior convictions, absence of, [10-400]
- prior relationship, relevance of, [20-775]
- prior sexual conduct of victim, [20-775]
- representative charges, [10-030]
- risk of pregnancy, [20-760]
- sentencing
- sexual history of victim, [20-775]
- sexual intercourse, definition, [20-630]
- standard non-parole period, [20-620]
-
- table, [8-000]
- statutory scheme, [20-600]
- summary disposal, [20-770]
- totality principle, [8-230], [20-820]
- uncharged criminal acts, evidence, [20-840]
- victim
- victim impact statements, [12-832], [20-800]
- weapon, use of, [20-760]
- youth of offender, [20-770]
- Short sentences
-
- legislative reform, [2-000]
- Social factors
- Solicitors
-
- struck off roll
-
- extra-curial punishment, [10-520]
- Special circumstances
-
- accumulation of individual sentences, [7-514]
- addiction, drug and alcohol, [7-514]
- age, [7-514]
- court must give effect to finding, [7-516]
- custody, protective, [7-514], [10-500], [17-570]
- disability, [7-514]
- discretionary power, [7-518]
- double counting, [7-512]
- drug and alcohol addiction, [7-514]
- empirical study, [7-518]
- factors, relevant, [7-512], [7-514]
- family members, hardship, [7-514]
- first custodial sentence, [7-514]
- generally, [7-512], [7-514]
- hardship to family members, [7-514]
- ill health, [7-514]
- institutionalisation, risk of, [7-514]
- length of non-parole period, [7-516]
- mental illness, [7-514]
- Muldrock v The Queen, [7-512], [7-514]
- parity with co-offender, [7-514]
- past practices, [7-514], [17-410]
- protective custody, [7-514], [10-500], [17-570]
- rehabilitation, [7-514]
- self-punishment, [7-514]
- young offenders, [7-514], [7-518]
- Special hearings — see Mental health
- Spent convictions
-
- sentencing, when, [10-400]
- Standard non-parole periods
-
- aggravated robbery offences, [20-230]
- aggravated sexual offences, [7-895]
- aggregate sentences, [7-505], [7-507], [7-895], [7-980]
- appeal, leave to, [7-895], [7-955]
-
- extension of time, [7-955]
- application of, [7-895], [65-380]
- approach to sentencing, [10-030]
- assault law enforcement officers, [50-120]
- break and enter, [17-050]
- car/boat rebirthing, [20-420]
- children, sexual offences against, [7-895], [17-430], [17-480]
- conspiracy, [65-380]
- Crimes Amendment (Sexual Offences) Act 2008 (rep), under, [7-895]
- Crimes (Appeal and Review) Act 2001, [7-955]
- Crimes Legislation Amendment (Child Sex Offences) Act 2015, under, [7-895]
- Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Amendment Act 2007 (rep), under, [7-895]
- Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Amendment (Standard Non-parole Periods) Act 2013 (rep), [7-890], [7-895], [7-910], [7-920]
- departure from, [7-980]
- drug offences, [19-835], [19-840]
- duress, [7-910]
- exclusions, [7-935]
- firearm offences, [8-000], [60-040]
- fixed terms, [7-507], [7-980]
- Form 1 offences, [13-260]
- guidepost, legislative, [7-895], [7-920], [7-955]
- guilty plea cases, [7-955]
- history, legislative, [7-895]
- inapplicable, reference to, [7-935]
- inclusions, [7-935]
- leave to appeal out of time, [7-955]
- legislative amendments, relevant, [8-100]
- length of, [7-990]
- mental condition, [7-910]
- middle range, [7-925]
- moral culpability, [7-920]
- Muldrock v The Queen, [7-890], [7-895], [7-910], [7-920], [7-925], [7-955], [7-960], [7-985], [7-990]
- non-custodial sentence, [7-985]
- objective factors, [7-910]
- “objective seriousness”
- offences without, terminology, [10-010]
- R v Way, wrongly decided, [7-890], [7-895]
- referrals, [7-955]
- refusal to set non-parole period, and, [7-520]
- relative seriousness, [7-920]
- re-opening not available, [7-955]
- sentencing exercise, [7-920]
- sentencing guidelines, [13-640]
- sentencing procedure, [7-920]
- sexual assault, [20-620]
- Table, [7-895], [7-910], [7-920], [7-935], [7-980], [7-990], [8-000]
-
- legislative amendments, [8-100]
- terminology after introduction, [10-010]
- weapon, prohibited, [8-000]
- wound with intent, [50-080]
- Standard of proof
- Statement of facts
-
- agreed — see Agreed statement of facts
- Statistics
-
- advantages and disadvantages, [10-020], [10-024]
-
- fraud cases, [19-960]
- drug offences, [10-024], [65-130]
- federal offences, [10-022], [10-024]
- Hili v The Queen, [10-024], [10-026]
- isolated incidents, [10-030]
- JIRS, [10-020], [10-024]
- offender and offence characteristics, [10-026]
- patterns of sentencing, [10-020], [10-024]
- The Queen v Pham, [10-024], [10-026]
- use of, [10-024]
-
- NSW Court of Appeal statements, [10-024]
- Stealing — see Break and enter; Robbery
- Subjective matters
-
- age, [10-430]
- ameliorative conduct, [10-560]
- character, good, [10-410]
- conditional liberty, [10-550]
- contrition, [10-420]
- delay, [10-530]
- deportation, [10-570]
- deprived background of an offender, [10-475]
- drug addiction, [10-485]
- entrapment, [10-510]
-
- undercover police officers, role of, [10-510]
- ethnicity, [10-470]
- extra-curial punishment, [10-520]
-
- self-inflicted injuries, [10-520]
- good character, [10-410]
- hardship, [10-490], [10-500]
- health, [10-450]
- intoxication, [10-480]
-
- aggravating factor, [10-480]
- mental condition, [10-460]
- prior record, [10-400]
-
- absence of, mitigating factor, [10-400]
- child offenders, [10-400]
- common law, [10-400]
- criminal offending history, gap in, [10-400]
- federal offenders, [10-400]
- foreign convictions, [10-400]
- later criminality, [10-400]
- ongoing criminal offending, [10-400]
- precision in how factor taken into account, [10-400]
- prior convictions, [10-400]
- section 10 bonds, [10-400]
- spent convictions, [10-400]
- subsequent offending, [10-400]
- undetected criminal offending, [10-400]
- race, [10-470]
- restitution, [10-540]
- voluntary rectification, [10-560]
- youth, [10-440]
- Summary disposal
- Supreme Court
- Suspended sentences
- Syringes
-
- weapons, as, [20-310]
T
- The Queen v Pham
- Threats
-
- extra-curial punishment, [10-520]
- Totality principle
-
- aggregate sentences, [7-505], [8-220], [8-230], [8-260]
-
- settled propositions, [7-507]
- concurrent and consecutive sentences, [8-210], [8-220], [8-230], [17-025]
- definition, [8-200]
- existing sentences of imprisonment, [8-230]
- fines, and, [8-210]
- fraud cases, [20-020]
- imprisonment, and
-
- applications of, [8-210]
- apprehended domestic violence orders, [8-230]
- assault and wounding, [8-230]
- break, enter and steal, [8-230]
- concurrent and consecutive sentences, choice between, [8-230]
- crushing sentences, [8-220]
- dangerous driving, [8-230], [18-400]
- existing sentences of imprisonment, and, [8-230]
- fraud, [8-230]
- interstate sentences of imprisonment, [8-280]
- limitation on consecutive sentences imposed by Local Court, [8-260]
- multiple victims, [8-230]
- offences involving assault by convicted inmate, [8-240]
- offences involving escape by inmates, [8-250]
- “orthodox method”, [8-230]
- Pearce and Mill, [8-230]
- robbery, [8-230]
- severity non-linear, [8-220]
- sexual assault, [8-230]
- statutory provisions, [8-220]
- structuring sentences of, [8-230]
- non-custodial sentences, and, [8-210]
- offences against State and Commonwealth laws, [8-210], [16-050]
- parity, and, [10-830]
- power to vary commencement date of sentences, [8-270]
- separate indictments, [8-230]
- sexual assault, and, [8-230], [20-820]
- single episode of criminality, and, [8-230]
-
- assault and wounding, [8-230] — see also Assault
- break, enter offences, [8-230] — see also Break and enter
- dangerous driving, [8-230] — see also Driving offences
- sexual assault, [8-230] — see also Sexual assault
- statutory provisions for, [8-220]
- Traffic offences — see Driving offences
V
- Vessel offences
- Victim
-
- attitude
- cognitive impairment
-
- sexual assault, [20-710]
- community figure, [11-060]
- compensation, [12-860], [12-863], [12-865], [12-867]
- conduct of victim of driving offence, [18-370]
- corporation, [12-869]
- domestic violence, [12-850], [63-510]
- drug addict, vulnerability of, [19-890]
- emotional harm, substantial, [11-120]
- impact on
- injury, substantial, [11-120]
- multiple victims as aggravating factor, [11-180]
- provocation by, [11-230]
- public figure, [11-060]
- recognition of harm to, [2-290]
- restitution, and, [10-540]
- risk, occupation carrying, [11-060]
- sexual assault
- vulnerability, [11-170], [17-440]
-
- sexual assault, [20-760]
- Victim impact statements
-
- additional sources, [12-870]
- aggravating factors, [12-830]
- alleged offences, [12-830]
- applications, [12-820]
- challenges to, [12-830]
- children, sexual offences against, [12-832]
- Commissioner of Victims Rights, discretion of, [10-540]
- common law, at, [12-800], [12-810]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-010]
- community harm, [12-838]
- cross-examination, [12-830], [12-870]
- dangerous driving offences, [18-365]
- De Simoni, and, [12-836]
- death cases, [12-810], [12-838]
- definition, [12-832]
- definitions, [12-820]
- eligibility, [10-540]
- evidentiary status and use of, [12-830]
- fact-finding, proper approach, [12-830]
- family victims, [12-810], [12-820], [12-838]
- federal offences, [12-870]
- forms, [12-820]
- “harm”, scope of under s 28(4), [12-838]
- “impact”, scope of under s 26, [12-838]
- importance of, [12-790]
- legislation relevant, [12-820]
- Mental Health Review Tribunal, [12-839]
- offender forensic patient, [12-839]
- offender mentally ill, [12-839]
- personal harm, definition, [12-820]
- primary victim, [12-820]
- proceedings commenced
- reading out statements, [12-820]
- reports, and, [12-832]
- robbery, [12-840]
- sentencing, and, [12-810]
- sexual abuse of a child, [12-830]
- sexual assault, [12-832], [20-800]
- statutory scheme, [12-820], [12-825], [12-839]
- submissions, [12-839]
- substantial harm, [12-830]
- using, [12-830]
- Victims Support Scheme, [10-540]
- Violence
-
- actual or threatened, [11-070]
- break and enter offences, [17-070]
- deprived background, [10-475]
- gratuitous cruelty, [50-140]
- home of victim, committed in, [50-140]
- intoxication of offender, [50-150]
- mitigating factors, [50-160]
- offence committed in company, [50-140]
- personal — see Assault
- premeditated, [50-140]
- provocation, [50-160]
- serious personal violence offences, definition, [11-000]
- substantial harm, [50-140]
- unprovoked offence, [50-140]
- vulnerable victim, against, [50-140]
W
Y
- Young babies
-
- hardship, and, [10-490]
- Young offenders — see Children; Detention centre; Imprisonment; Non-parole periods
-
- adult co-offenders, parity and, [10-820], [20-300]
- age as mitigating factor, [10-440], [11-280], [11-300], [15-010], [15-015]
- age as special circumstance, [7-514], [7-518]
- Commonwealth offenders, [16-080]
- deterrence, [2-240]
- driving offences, [18-380]
- imprisonment, [15-070]
- mandatory life sentences, [8-600]
- rehabilitation, [20-300]
-
- exceptions, [20-300]
- remission, [15-070]
- robbery, [20-300]
- sentencing, principles of, [20-300]
- sexual assault offences, [20-770]