Index

A

Ability Rights Centre, [5.7]

abnormality of mind, [5.5.3]

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Child Placement Principles

Aboriginal case management policy, [6.3.3]
“active efforts”, [6.3.3.2]
adoption, and, [2.3.6]
care criminalisation, and, [6.3.3.3]
Child care and protection, [6.3.3]
compliance with, [6.3.3]
criminal justice system, and, [6.3.3.3]
cross-over kids, and, [6.3.3.3]
identification of Aboriginal children, [6.3.3.4]
intergenerational trauma, and, [6.3.3]
purpose of, [6.3.3]

Aboriginal Client Service Specialists, [2.3.1], [2.3.3.4], [2.3.4]

Aboriginal Community Justice Group, [2.3.1]

Aboriginal Justice Advisory Council, [2.3.1], [2.4]

Aboriginal Languages Act 2017

cultural heritage, [2.2.4]
NSW Aboriginal Languages Trust, [2.2.4]

Aboriginal Legal Service (NSW/ACT) Ltd, [2.4]

Aboriginal Medical Service, [2.4]

Aboriginal people — see First Nations people

community organisations, local Aboriginal, [2.4]
Justice reinvestment, [2.2.7]
life expectancy, [11.1.1]
OCHRE plan, [2.2.7]
population of in NSW, statistics of, [1.2]

Aboriginal Witness Assistance Officers, [2.3.4], [2.4]

Access to Justice

older people, [11.4.1]

ACON, [5.7]

Acquired Brain Injury

barriers in court for people with, [5.6.3]
communicating with people with, [5.6.5.4], [5.6.5.7]
likely disabilities resulting from, [5.3.5]

ACSSs, [2.3.1]

Adjournments for children and young people, [6.4.1], [6.4.6]

for disabled people, [5.6.1], [5.6.6]
for prayer and for festivals, [4.4.6]

Adoption

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Child Placement Principles, [2.3.6]

affirmations — see Oaths and affirmations

Africans, [3.3.6.2]

age of consent, [8.3.1]

Aged care

serious incident response scheme, [11.2.1]

agoraphobia, [5.3.6]

AIDS

AIDS Council of NSW, [5.7]

alcohol and drug abuse, [2.3.4], [5.6.5.8]

alems, [4.2.3.3]

alternative dispute resolution (ADR), [3.3.1.4]

Alzheimer’s Association of NSW — see Dementia Australia

Anglican Church Diocese of Sydney, [4.5]

Anglicans, [4.1]

Anglo-Celtic Australian

appearance, [3.3.5.2]
backgrounds, [3.3.5.2]
behaviour, [2.3.3.3]
culture, [2.3.3.2], [2.3.3.3]
definition, [2.2.3n]

anxiety

disorder, [5.3.6]

Arabic cultures, [3.3.6.2]

Armenian Apostolic Church, [4.1]

arthritis, [5.3.1]

Assemblies of God, [4.5]

assistance animals, [5.6.2.2]

Assyrian Church of the East, [4.1]

asthma, [5.3.1]

ATSI, [2.2.1], [2.3.3.2]

audiotaping, of interviews, [6.4.3]

AUSIT, [3.3.1.3]

Auslan interpreters, [5.7]

Australian Centre for Disability Law, [5.7]

Australian Federation of Islamic Councils

(Muslims Australia), [4.5]

Australian Institute of Interpreters and Translators Inc, [3.3.1.3]

B

Baha’i, [4.1], [4.2.6]

bail, for First Nations people, [2.1], [2.3.2]

Bangladeshis, [3.3.6.2]

Baptists, [4.1]

Behaviour in court

Explanatory Note on the Judicial Process and Participation of Muslims, [4.2.3.5]

“bent”, [8.2.2.9]

Bhagavadgita, [4.2.4.2]

bias

avoiding, [1.4]

Bible, [4.2.1.2]

bipolar disorder, [5.3.6]

bisexuals

age of consent, [8.3.1]
appearance and behaviour in court, [8.5.1]
common misconceptions about, [8.2.1]
directions on evidence of, [8.5.4]
discrimination against, [8.1]
diversity of, [8.1], [8.5.3]
education, [8.1]
lack of family support, [8.1]
as parents, [8.1], [8.2.1]
possible impact of sexuality in court, [8.4], [8.5.3]
self-censorship by, [8.1]
sentencing of, [8.5.5]
statistics regarding, [8.1]
suicide attempts by, [8.1]
terms and definitions, [8.2.2.8]
using appropriate terminology, [8.5.2]

Blind Citizens Australia, [5.7]

blindness, [5.3.3]

body language

effect of religious belief on, [4.4.3]
of Indigenous people, [2.3.3.3]
of migrants, [3.3.4]
of religious persons, [4.2.2.5]

brain injuries — see Acquired Brain Injury

breaks in proceedings

for children and young people, [6.4.6]
for disabled people, [5.6.1], [5.6.6]
for prayer and for festivals, [4.4.6]

Buddhism, [4.1], [4.2.2], [4.4.2], [4.5]

bowing, [4.2.2.5]
dress, [4.2.2.5]
eye contact, [4.2.2.5]
festivals, [4.2.2.4]
forms of worship, [4.2.2.4]
holy books and scriptures, [4.2.2.2]
main beliefs, [4.2.2.1]
religious leaders, [4.2.2.3]
status of women, [4.2.2.5]
views on touching, [4.2.2.5]

Buddhist Council of NSW, [4.5]

burqua, [4.2.3.5]

C

Capacity

cognitive impairment, [11.5.1]
competence, and, [11.5.1.1]

case management systems, [6.4.1]

castes, [3.3.6.2]

Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney, [4.5]

Catholics, [4.1], [4.2.1.3], [4.2.1.5]

CCTV, [5.6.1], [6.4.3.2], [6.4.3.4]

Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health, [5.7]

Cerebral Palsy, [5.3.1]

Child care and protection

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Child Placement Principles, [6.3.3]

child protection services

statistics, [6.3]

Out of home care, [6.3.2]

Childcare and Protection

grandparents and, [11.1.1]

children and young people — see Appendix

alternative ways of obtaining evidence from, [6.4.3]
barriers to participation, [6.1.2]
communicating with, [6.4.4]
compellability to give evidence, [6.2.3]
competence to give evidence, [6.2.1]
criminal responsibility of, [6.2.2]
cross-examination of, [6.4.5]
culturally and linguistically diverse, [3.1]
defined, [6.1.1]
ensuring regular breaks in proceedings, [6.4.6]
examples of difficulties in court experienced by, [6.1.3]
explain court proceedings, processes adequately, [6.4.4.1]
First Nations offenders, [2.1]
improper cross-examination of, [6.4.5.1]
lesbians and gay men as parents of, [8.1], [8.2.1]
level, style of language, [6.4.4.2]
managing the giving of evidence, [6.4.3.5]
minimising delays in proceedings, [6.4.1]
oaths and affirmations by, [6.4.2]
requirement to obtain views of, [6.2.4]
sentencing of, [6.4.8]
sworn evidence, giving, [6.2.1]
unsworn evidence, and, [6.2.1]
Victim Impact Statements, [6.2.4]

Children’s Court Clinic, [6.5]

Chinese, [3.3.6.2]

Chinese names, [3.3.2.1]

Christianity, [4.1], [4.2.1], [4.4.2]

dress, [4.2.1.5]
festivals, [4.2.1.4]
forms of worship, [4.2.1.4]
holy books and scriptures, [4.2.1.2]
main beliefs, [4.2.1.1]
religious leaders, [4.2.1.3]
status of women, [4.2.1.5]
views on touching, [4.2.1.5]

chuchotage, [3.3.1.3]

Churches of Christ, [4.1]

circle sentencing, [2.2.3], [2.3.8]

classes, in society, [3.3.6.2]

clinical depression, [5.3.6]

closed-circuit television, [5.6.1], [6.4.3.2], [6.4.3.4]

coercive control

common behaviours, [7.5.3]
definition, [7.5.3]
key factors, [7.5.3]

colour blindness, [5.3.3]

coming out, [8.2.2.4]

communication

with First Nations people, [2.2.3], [2.3.3.1]
with children and young people, [6.4.4]
with disabled people, [5.6.5]
with migrants, [3.2.2], [3.3.5]
non-verbal, [2.3.3.3], [3.3.4]

community legal centres, [10.6]

compellability, to give evidence, [6.2.3]

competence to give evidence, [6.2.1]

confessions, of First Nations people, [2.3.3.4]

Confucian values, [3.3.6.2]

consecutive interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

consent

impact of trauma, [12.4.5]
jury directions, [12.4.5]

Convention on the Rights of the Child, [6.2.4]

Coptic Orthodox Church, [4.1]

costs, of interpreters and translators, [3.3.1.4]

Council for Intellectual Disability, [5.7]

courtship customs, in ethnic cultures, [3.3.6.2]

Criminal Justice Support Network, [5.7]

criminal responsibility, [5.5.3], [6.2.2]

cross-dressing, [9.1.3]

cross-examination

of children, [6.4.5]
of psychiatrically disabled witnesses, [5.6.5.8]
by self-represented parties, [10.3.4.1], [10.3.4.2]

cultural advice, [3.4]

cultural differences, [3.2.1], [3.2.2]

impact in court, [3.2.3]

D

Deaf Connect, [5.7]

Deaf Education Network, [5.7]

deafblindness, [5.3.2]

deafness, [5.3.2]

Deaths in custody

Protocol for inquiries into deaths of First Nations people, [2.2.9]

declarations, [6.4.2]

delay, in proceedings, [6.4.1]

Dementia Australia, [5.7]

Department of Communities and Justice (NSW), [5.7]

depression, [5.3.6]

dialogue interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

diminished responsibility, [5.5.3]

direct discrimination, [1.1]

directions

on disabled people, [5.6.8]
on evidence of children, [6.4.7]
on evidence of lesbians and gay men, [8.5.4]
on First Nations people, [2.3.7]
on migrants, [3.3.7]
on religious belief, [4.4.7]
on self-represented parties, [10.3.4.4]
on transgender or intersex people, [9.6.5]

Director of Public Prosecution’s Aboriginal Witness and Assistance, [2.4]

disability

definition, [5.2]
statistics, [5.2]

Disability Council NSW, [5.7]

disabled people

adjustments, reasonable, [5.6.2.1]
assistance animals, [5.6.2.2]
barriers in court for, [5.6.3]
breaks in proceedings for, [5.6.1], [5.6.6]
capacity to give evidence, [5.5.1]
communicating with, [5.6.5]
considerations for judicial officers, [5.6.1]
criminal responsibility of, [5.5.3]
directions to the jury re stereotyping of, [5.6.8]
impact of disabilities on matters relevant to court, [5.6.7]
media, dealing with, [5.6.10]
Neurological disability, [5.3.9]
oaths and affirmations by, [5.6.4]
organisational contact details, [5.7]
reasonable adjustments, [5.6.2.1]
sentencing of, [5.6.9]
statistics relating to, [1.2]
using appropriate terminology, [5.6.5.2]

disabled person

Royal Commission, [5.1]

discrimination

against First Nations people, [2.2.3]

compounding effect of, [1.4]

employment

ageism, [11.1.1]

and equality before the law, [1.1]

against homosexuals and bisexuals, [8.1]

legislation relating to, [1.1]

perceived religious discrimination, [4.3]

disrespectful behaviour in court, [4.4.3]

District Court Legal Assistance Scheme, [10.6]

District Court of NSW, [10.6]

Diversity Services, [5.6.1], [5.7]

DOCS (FACS), [6.5]

doli incapax, [6.2.2]

domestic violence

in Aboriginal communities, [2.1]

in First Nations communities, [2.2.3], [2.3.4]

coercive control, [7.5.1], [7.5.3]

domestic abuse, [7.5.1]

domestic violence related homicides, [7.5.1]

gender equality, [7.5.2]

key statistics, [7.5.1]

National Domestic and Family Violence Bench Book, [7.5.1]

offences, [7.5.2]

in same sex relationships, [8.2.1n], [8.5.3]

violence

baiting, [7.5.4]
cyber abuse, [7.5.4]
cyberstalking, [7.5.4]
dog-piling, [7.5.4]
doxing, [7.5.4]
image-based abuse, [7.5.4]
impersonation, [7.5.4]
online abuse, [7.5.4]
revenge pron, [7.5.4]
sextortion, [7.5.4]
spamming, [7.5.4]
swatting, [7.5.4]

Down syndrome, [5.3.4]

dowries, [3.3.6.2]

dress, religious — see religious dress

drug abuse — see alcohol and drug abuse

drunkenness, as a mitigating factor, [2.3.9]

Dysmorphic Disorder, [5.3.6]

E

Eastern European Orthodox, [4.1]

education

of First Nations people, [2.1]
of lesbians, gay men and bisexuals, [8.1]

Elder abuse

Aboriginal communities, [11.2]

CALD, [11.2]

capacity

capacity guidelines, [11.2.3]

financial abuse, [11.2]

guardianship, [11.2.3]

in residential care, [11.2.1]

intergenerational factors, [11.2]

legislation, [11.2], [11.2.1]

LGBTQ, [11.2]

neglect, [11.2]

physhological/emotional abuse, [11.2]

physical abuse, [11.2]

reportable assaults, [11.2.1]

“reportable incident”, [11.2.1]

risk factors, [11.2]

Royal Commission, [11.2.1]

sexual abuse, [11.2]

social abuse, [11.2]

employment

of First Nations people, [2.1]

epilepsy, [5.3.1]

Equality Australia, [8.6]

equality before the law

adapting judicial conduct to ensure, [1.5]
concept of, [1.1]

ethnic groups — see migrants

ethnic identifiers, [3.3.5.2]

ethnicity — see migrants

evidence

admissibility of, [10.3.4.2]
of children and young people, [6.1.3], [6.2.1], [6.4.3], [6.4.5], [6.4.7]
of disabled persons, [5.5.1]
presented by self-represented parties, [10.3.4.1]
testing evidence of other parties, [10.3.4.2]

eye contact — see body language

F

face covering, [4.2.3.5]

face, saving of, [3.3.6.2]

family

absence of in court, [3.3.6.3]
of lesbians and gay men, [8.1]
role of in ethnic cultures, [3.3.6]

female genital mutilation

offences, [7.5.5]

female-to-male trans people, [9.1.2]

Fernando principles, [2.3.8], [2.3.9]

Filipino names, [3.3.2.2]

final submissions, by self-represented parties, [10.3.4.3]

fines

for children and young people, [6.4.8]
for disabled people, [5.6.9]
for First Nations people, [2.3.8]
for migrants, [3.3.8]
for transgender or intersex people, [9.6.6]

First Nations burial rights

intestate, [2.3.5]

First Nations estate distribution orders, [2.3.5]

First Nations people

appearance in court, [2.3.3.3]
attitude to material possessions, [2.2.3]
bail for, [2.1], [2.3.2]
circle sentencing, [2.2.3], [2.3.8]
communication styles, [2.2.3], [2.3.3.1], [2.3.3.4]
Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) scheme, extension of, [2.1]
criminal justice system, over-representation in, [2.2.3]
cultural differences, [2.2.3], [2.2.5]
cultural identity, [2.2.3]
cultural losses, impact of, [2.2.3]
customary law, [2.2.3], [2.3.8]
death, taboos regarding, [2.2.3]
directions to jury, points to consider, [2.3.7]
domestic assault, statistics of, [2.1]
education, statistics of, [2.1]
employment, statistics of, [2.1]
English literacy skills, statistics of, [2.1]
family and kinship ties, [2.2.3]
female homicide victims, statistics of, [2.1]
Fernando sentencing guidelines, [2.3.9]
fines, [2.3.8]
first language, statistics of, [2.1]
forced relocation of, [2.2.3]
health, statistics of, [2.1]
hearing impairment, statistics of, [2.1]
housing, statistics, [2.1]
impact of cultural differences in court, [2.2.5], [2.3.4]
imprisonment, statistics of, [2.1]
improve accessibility to court for women, [2.2.5]
infant mortality, statistics of, [2.1]
judgment or decision writing, [2.3.8]
Justice reinvestment, [2.2.5]
juveniles in detention, statistics of, [2.1]
land, connection to, [2.2.3]
language culturally offensive to, [2.3.3.2]
language level and style, [2.3.3.4]
language, statistics of, [2.1]
names of, [2.3.3.2]
National framework, [2.2.5]
non-verbal communication, [2.3.3.3]
population of in NSW, statistics of, [2.1]
pre-trial diversionary options, [2.3.1]
prosecutions, statistics of, [2.1]
reconciliation, [2.2.3]
sentencing of offenders, [2.2.3], [2.3.8], [2.3.9]
sexual assault, statistics of, [2.1]
sign language, [2.3.3.3]
silence, value of, [2.3.3.3]
spiritual beliefs, [2.2.3]
statistics, regarding, [2.1]
status of women, [2.2.3]
stereotyping, [2.3.3.2]
touching, different views on, [2.3.3.3]
verbal communication with, [2.3.3.2], [2.3.3.4]
victim impact statements, [2.3.8]
as victims of violence, statistics of, [2.1]
Walama List, [2.2.5]
women, status of, [2.2.3]

Firsts Nations people

Bringing them home report, [2.2.2]
cultural groups, [2.2.1]
cultural identity, [2.2.1]
information, general, [2.2.1]
intergenerational trauma, [2.2.2]
names of, [2.2.1]
overview of NSW Firsts Nations people, statistics of, [2.2.1]

fitness to be tried, [5.5.3]

Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, [5.3.8]

barriers, [5.6.3]
condition, physical brain-based, [5.3.8]
language, level and style of, [5.6.5.4]

Foetal Alcohol Syndrome, [5.3.8]

Forward, [5.7]

Further information

community agencies, [12.6]
information and assistance, [12.6]

G

Gay & Lesbian Rights Lobby, [8.6]

gay men

age of consent, [8.3.1]
appearance and behaviour in court, [8.5.1]
coming out, [8.1]
common misconceptions about, [8.2.1]
directions on evidence of, [8.5.4]
discrimination against, [8.1]
diversity of, [8.1], [8.5.3]
education, [8.1]
lack of family support, [8.1]
as parents, [8.1], [8.2.1]
possible impact of sexuality in court, [8.4], [8.5.3]
self-censorship by, [8.1]
sentencing of, [8.5.5]
statistics regarding, [8.1]
suicide attempts by, [8.1]
terms and definitions, [8.2.2]
using appropriate terminology, [8.5.2]

The Gender Centre, [9.7]

gender disadvantage

domestic work, [7.2]
paid work, [7.2]

gender discrimination

working mothers, [7.2.1.3]

gender equality

and violence, [7.2]

gender identity

incidence of issues with, [1.2]
legal gender identity, [9.4]
sex affirmation procedure, [9.4]
trans people common misconceptions about, [9.2.2]

gender inequality

women, [7.1]

gender transition, [9.1.1]

Gooris, [2.2.1n]

gout, [5.3.1]

Greek Orthodox Christians, [4.1], [4.5]

Greeks, [3.3.6.2]

guide dogs, [5.6.1]

Guide Dogs NSW/ACT, [5.7]

gurus, [4.2.4.3]

H

Hasidic Jews, [4.2.5.5]

Health Equity Matters, [5.7]

health, of First Nations people, [2.1]

infant mortality rates, [2.1]

hearing impairments, [5.3.2], [5.6.5.5]

hearing loops, [5.6.1]

Hearing Matters Australia, [5.7]

heuristics — see unconscious bias

Hijab, [4.2.3.5]

Hindu Council of Australia, [4.5]

Hinduism, [4.1], [4.2.4], [4.4.2], [4.5]

dress, [4.2.4.5]
festivals, [4.2.4.4]
forms of worship, [4.2.4.4]
holy books and scriptures, [4.2.4.2]
main beliefs, [4.2.4.1]
religious leaders, [4.2.4.3]
status of women, [4.2.4.5]
views on touching, [4.2.4.5]

Hoarding Disorder, [5.3.6]

home detention, for First Nations offenders, [2.3.8]

homophobia, [8.2.2.6]

homosexual advance defence, [8.1], [8.5.3]

homosexual panic defence, [8.1], [8.5.3]

homosexuality — see bisexuals; gay men

lesbians defined, [8.2.2.1]
views of non-homosexuals on, [4.4.4], [4.4.5], [8.1]

honour, in ethnic cultures, [3.3.6.2]

housing, of First Nations people, [2.1]

CDEP programme, changes to, [2.1]

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

closed court, suppression and non-publications orders, [5.6.7]
directions to jury, [5.6.8]
false assumptions, [5.6.8]
sentencing of, [5.6.9]

I

Icelandic names, [3.3.2.1]

Identification/de-identification of Aboriginal children

relevant caselaw, [6.3.3.4]

imams, [4.2.3.3]

imprisonment

of First Nations people, [2.1]
of migrants, [3.1]
of transgender or intersex people, [9.6.6]

“in the closet”, [8.2.2.4]

income

of lesbians and gay men, [8.1]
statistics relating to, [1.2]

Indian names, [3.3.2.1]

Indians — see Hinduism; Islam; Sikhism

courtship and marriage customs, [3.3.6.2]
hierarchical culture, [3.3.4.2], [3.3.6.2]
matriarchy in Kerala, [3.3.6.2]
religious affiliations, [4.1]
role of family, [3.3.6.2]
tolerance for specific social issues, [3.3.6.2]

Indigenous estate distribution orders, [2.3.5]

Indigenous intestacy, [2.3.5]

Indigenous people — see Firsts Nations people

indirect discrimination, [1.1]

infra-red assistive hearing devices, [5.6.1]

Inner City Legal Centre, [8.6], [9.7]

intellectual disability, [5.3.1], [5.3.4], [5.5.1], [5.6.4], [5.6.5.2], [5.6.5.4], [5.6.5.6]

cognitive impairment, [5.3.4]

Intellectual Disability Rights Service Inc, [5.7]

intellectually disabled people

barriers in court for, [5.6.3]
communicating with, [5.6.5], [5.6.5.6]
criminal responsibility of, [5.5.3]
difficulties experienced by, [5.3.4], [5.3.5]
unsworn evidence of, [5.6.4]
using appropriate terminology with, [5.6.5.2]

intention, [5.5.3]

interpreters and translators

accreditation of, [3.3.1.3]

advice or opinion, no provision of, [3.3.6.3]

alternative dispute resolution (ADR), [3.3.1.4]

appropriate explanations, [3.3.5.1]

AUSIT, [3.3.1.1]

Auslan interpreters, [5.7]

consecutive interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

dialogue interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

emerging community language, [3.3.1.3]

JCDI

Recommended national standards for working with interpreters in courts and tribunals, [3.3.1.1]

National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters (NAATI), [3.3.1.3]

paraprofessionals, [3.3.1.3]

provision of before proceedings start, [3.3.1.7]

right to an interpreter, [3.3.1.1]

sight translation, [3.3.1.3]

sign language interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

simultaneous interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

suppliers of, [3.3.1.4]

techniques of interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS National), [3.3.1.4], [3.4]

type of interpreter or translator to use, [3.3.1.3]

use of to ensure a fair trial, [3.3.1.1]

when to use, [3.3.1.1]

who pays for, [3.3.1.5]

working with interpreters, [3.3.1.7]

intersectional discrimination

definition, [7.4]
instances, [7.4]

intersex

common misconceptions about, [9.2.2]
directions to the jury on, [9.6.5]
legal gender identity, [9.4]
marriage rights, [9.4]
modes of address and gender, [9.6.1]
possible impact of gender identity in court, [9.5], [9.6.4]
terminology, [9.1], [9.6.3]
using appropriate language with, [9.6.3]

intersex pople

sentencing of, [9.6.6]

intoxication, [5.5.3]

Islam

community organisations, [4.5]
diversity of, [4.1]
dress, [4.2.3.5]
face covering, [4.2.3.5]
forms of worship and festivals, [4.2.3.4]
holy books and scriptures, [4.2.3.2]
main beliefs, [4.2.3.1]
oaths and affirmations by Muslims, [4.4.2]
prayer breaks in court for Muslims, [4.4.6]
religious leaders, [4.2.3.3]
statistics, [4.2.3]
status of women, [4.2.3.5]
stereotypes of, [4.4.7]
Sunnis and Shi’ites, [4.2.3]
views on touching, [4.2.3.5]

Islamic Council of NSW, [4.5]

J

Jehovah’s Witnesses, [4.1], [4.5]

Jewish names, [3.3.2.1]

Judaism, [4.2.5], [4.5]

dress, [4.2.5.5]
festivals, [4.2.5.4]
forms of worship, [4.2.5.4]
holy books and scriptures, [4.2.5.2]
main beliefs, [4.2.5.1]
religious leaders, [4.2.5.3]
status of women, [4.2.5.5]
views on touching, [4.2.5.5]

judgments

fair and non-discriminatory judgments, [4.4.8]
involving children and young people, [6.4.8]
involving First Nations people, [2.3.8]
involving lesbians, gay men and bisexuals, [8.5.5]
involving migrants, [3.3.8]
involving self-represented parties, [10.4]
involving transgender or intersex people, [9.6.6]

Judicial Commission of NSW, [10.6]

Judicial Council on Cultural Diversity, [3.4]

intersectional discrimination, [7.4]

judicial officers, conduct of, [1.1], [1.5]

jury directions — see directions

Justice Advocacy Service, [5.7]

Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, [5.7]

justice, perception of, [1.3]

Juvenile Justice NSW, [6.5]

K

kinship networks, [3.3.6.2]
Kirby Institute, [5.7]
Kooris, [2.2.1], [2.3.3.2]
kosher food, [4.2.5.1]

L

language

of First Nations people, [2.1]
avoiding culturally offensive language, [2.3.3.2], [3.3.5.2]
avoiding religiously offensive language, [4.4.4]
communicating with children, [6.4.4]
of migrants, [3.1]
taking language difficulties into account, [3.3.5.3]
using non-legal language with self-represented parties, [10.3.1]

Latter Day Saints, [4.1]

Law Society of NSW Pro Bono Scheme, [10.6]

LawAccess NSW, [10.6]

Laws of Manu, [4.2.4.2]

Legal Aid Commission of NSW, [10.6]

lesbians

age of consent, [8.3.1]
appearance and behaviour in court, [8.5.1]
coming out, [8.1]
common misconceptions about, [8.2.1]
directions on evidence of, [8.5.4]
discrimination against, [8.1]
diversity of, [8.1], [8.5.3]
education, [8.1]
lack of family support, [8.1]
as parents, [8.1], [8.2.1]
possible impact of sexuality in court, [8.4], [8.5.3]
self-censorship by, [8.1]
sentencing of, [8.5.5]
statistics regarding, [8.1]
suicide attempts by, [8.1]
terms and definitions, [8.2.2]
using appropriate terminology, [8.5.2]

lesbophobia, [8.2.2.6]

literacy skills, [1.2]

live links, to give evidence, [6.4.3.2]

Local Court Aboriginal Client Services Specialist, [2.4]

Lutherans, [4.1], [4.5]

M

Magistrates Early Referral Into Treatment (MERIT), [2.3.1]

Mahabharata, [4.2.4.2]

male-to-female trans people, [9.1.2]

manic depressive illness, [5.3.6]

marriage customs, in ethnic cultures, [3.3.6.2], [4.4.4], [4.4.5]

matajis, [4.2.4.3]

matriarchy, [3.3.6.2]

“McKenzie friend”, [10.3.1]

mediation, [10.3.1]

Mental Health Advocacy Service, [5.7]

Mental Health Commission of New South Wales, [5.7]

Mental Health Coordinating Council, [5.7]

Mental Health Information for Rural and Remote Australia, [5.7]

Mental Health Liaison Officers, [5.6.1], [5.6.5.8], [5.7]

mental illness, [5.5.3] — see also psychiatrically disabled people

MERIT, [2.3.1], [2.3.8]

migrants — see interpreters and translators

appearance in court, [3.3.4]
birthplaces, statistics, [3.1]
body language in court, [3.3.4]
communication styles, [3.2.2]
courtship and marriage customs, [3.3.6.2]
crime and stigma, [3.1]
crime statistics, [3.1]
cultural differences, [3.2.1], [3.2.2], [3.3.6.3]
culturally offensive language, avoidance of, [3.3.5.2]
demographic statistics, [3.1]
directions to jury re stereotyping of, [3.3.7]
examples of customs and values, [3.3.6.2]
explaining court procedures to, [3.3.5.4]
grandparents, [3.3.6.2]
impact of customs on attitudes, [3.3.6]
imprisonment of, [3.1]
inter-generational conflict, [3.3.6.1]
marriage, arranged, [3.3.6.2]
mixed race families, [3.3.6.1]
modes of address, [3.3.2.1], [3.3.2.2]
non-attendance of family in court, [3.3.6.3]
oaths and affirmations by, [3.3.3]
over-represented groups in detention, [3.1]
population, statistics of, [3.1]
prejudiced perceptions of, [3.1]
religious affiliations, [3.1]
role of women, [3.3.6.2]
sentencing of, [3.3.8]
socio-economic status, [3.1]
stereotyping, avoidance of, [3.3.5.2]
taking cultural differences into account, [3.3.6.3]
taking language difficulties into account, [3.3.5.3]
tolerance of for specific social issues, [3.3.6.2]
unemployment among, [3.1]
verbal communication with, [3.3.5]

ministers, [4.2.1.3]

missions, [2.2.3]

mixed race families, [3.3.6.1]

modes of address, [9.6.1]

choosing, [3.3.2.2]
different naming systems, [3.3.2.1]
for religious leaders, [4.4.1]

monks, [4.2.2.3], [4.2.2.5]

MS Australia, [5.7]

Muhammadanism — see Islam

Multicultural Disability Advocacy Association of NSW, [5.7]

Multicultural NSW, [3.3.1.1], [3.3.1.4], [3.3.1.5], [3.4], [5.7]

multiple personality disorder, [5.3.6]

Murdis, [2.2.1n]

Murris, [2.2.1], [2.3.3.2]

Muslim names, [3.3.2.1]

Muslims — see Islam

N

NAATI, [3.3.1.3]
naming systems, [3.3.2.1], [3.3.2.2]
National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters (NAATI), [3.3.1.3]
National Children’s and Youth Law Centre, [6.5]
National Organisation for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Australia, [5.3.8]
NDIS, [5.3.4]
non-binary people, [9.1.1]
non-English speaking persons — see interpreters and translators; migrants
non-verbal communication, [2.3.3.3], [3.3.4]
Northcott, Disability Services, [5.7]
NSW Aboriginal Land Council, [2.4]
NSW Ageing and Disability Commission, [5.7]
NSW Association for Mental Health, [5.7]
NSW Bar Association Legal Assistance Referral Scheme, [10.6]
NSW Commission for Children and Young People, [6.5]
NSW Council for Intellectual Disability, [5.7]
NSW Department of Community Services (FACS), [6.5]
NSW Department of Justice, [5.7]
NSW Disability Discrimination Legal Centre, [5.7]
NSW Ecumenical Council, [4.5]
NSW Health, [5.7]
NSW Jewish Board of Deputies, [4.5]
NSW Native Title Services Ltd, [2.4]
NSW population diversity of, [1.2]
nuns, [4.2.2.3], [4.2.2.5]

O

Oaths and affirmations

by children and young people, [6.4.2]
by disabled people, [5.6.4]
influence of religion on, [4.4.2]
by migrants, [3.3.3]

obsessive compulsive disorder, [5.3.6]

Older people

access to justice, [11.4.1]

accommodation, [11.1.1]

Ageing and disability commissioner, [11.4.1]

capacity — see Capacity

communication guidance, [11.5.3]

community agencies, [11.6]

court proceedings

barriers, [11.5.4], [11.5.7]

crimes against, [11.3.1]

criminal behaviour

brain disease, [11.3.4]

custodial statistics, [11.3.4]

definition of older, Introduction

demographic trends, Introduction

digital confidence, [11.1.1]

disadvantage, [11.1.1]

education, [11.1.1]

elder abuse, [11.2]

employment, [11.1.1]

Evidence Act, [11.3.3]

gender diversity and,, [11.1.1]

general barriers, [11.4.1]

giving evidence, [11.5.1.1]

grandparents, [11.1.1]

health, [11.1.1]

income, [11.1.1]

information and assistance, [11.6]

Law Council

National strategic plan, [11.4.3]

neglect, [11.3.1]

NSW Guardian ad Litem, [11.5.1.2]

offences, [11.3.1]

offending rates, [11.3.4]

population, statistics, [11.1.1]

reasons for under reporting, [11.3.2]

regional, rural and remote

statistics, [11.1.1]

rural, regional and remote

access to justice, [11.4.3]

scammers, [11.3.2]

social isolation, [11.4.3]

specific barriers, [11.4.1]

statistics regarding, [11.1.1]

technology, [11.4.2]

types of offences, [11.3.4]

victims of crime, [11.3.2]

volunteering, [11.1.1]

vulnerable persons, [11.3.3]

witnesses, [11.3.3]

OOHC

juvenile detention, and, [12.3.4]

Organisation Intersex International Australia, [9.7]

Oriental Christians, [4.1]

Orthodox Christians, [4.1]

osteoarthritis, [5.3.1]

Out of hone care

Child care and protection, [6.3.2]

“out of the closet”, [8.2.2.4]

outing, of homosexuals, [8.2.2.4]

overseas born NSW residents — see interpreters and translators; migrants

statistics of, [3.1]

P

paganism, [4.1]

panic attacks, [5.3.6]

paraplegia, [5.3.1]

Paraplegic and Quadraplegic Assoc of NSW, [5.7]

patriarchy, [3.3.6.2]

Pentecostals, [4.1], [4.5]

People with Disabilities Australia, [5.7]

periodic detention, for Indigenous offenders, [2.3.8]

Physical Disability Council of NSW, [5.7]

physically disabled people

barriers in court for, [5.6.3]
communicating with, [5.6.5], [5.6.5.5]
pre-court preparation for, [5.6.1]

population

of First Nations people, [2.1]
diversity of in New South Wales, [1.2], [3.1]
of homosexuals, [8.1]
of migrants, [3.1]

pravarajikas, [4.2.4.3]

Presbyterian Church, [4.5]

Presbyterians, [4.1]

priests, [4.2.1.3]

Pro Bono

court assistance, [10.6]
schemes, [10.3.1], [10.6]
solicitor, [10.6]

pronouns, [1.3]

prosecution, of First Nations people, [2.1]

psychiatrically disabled people

barriers in court for, [5.6.3]
characteristics, [5.3.6]
common disorders, [5.3.6]
communicating with, [5.6.5], [5.6.5.8]
criminal responsibility of, [5.5.3]
cross-examination of, [5.6.5.8]
dealing with the media, [5.6.10]

Q

quadriplegia, [5.3.1]
queer, as a term, [8.2.2.7]
Qur’an, [4.2.3.2], [4.2.3.4], [4.4.2]

R

racism, [2.2.3], [3.2.2]

Ramayana, [4.2.4.2]

reconciliation, [2.2.3]

religions — see Buddhism; religious dress

addressing religious leaders, [4.4.1]
avoiding religiously offensive language, [4.4.4]
diversity of, [4.1]
impact of religious values in court, [4.3], [4.4.3], [4.4.4], [4.4.5]
of migrants, [3.1]
statistics relating to, [1.2], [4.1]
taking breaks for prayer and festivals, [4.4.6]

religious dress

Buddhist, [4.2.2.5]
Christian, [4.2.1.5]
in court, [4.4.3]
Hindu, [4.2.4.5]
Jewish, [4.2.5.5]
Muslim, [4.2.3.5]

religious festivals, [4.2.1.4]

rheumatoid arthritis, [5.3.1]

Royal Blind Society of NSW, [5.7]

Royal Commission

aged care, [11.2.1]
Violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation, into, [5.1]

Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths, [2.3.8]

Russian names, [3.3.2.1]

S

Salvation Army, [4.1], [4.5]

same sex relationships, [8.2.2.5], [8.3.2], [8.5.3]

parenting, [8.3.2]

sanyasinis, [4.2.4.3]

schizo-affective disorder, [5.3.6]

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, [5.3.6]

Self Advocacy Sydney Inc, [5.7]

self represented parties

role of judge, [10.3.3]

self-represented parties

court-based information and assistance, [10.6]
cross-examination by, [10.3.4.1], [10.3.4.2]
difficulties faced by, [10.1]
District Court pro-bono assistance, [10.6]
evidence presented by, [10.3.4.1]
explaining court procedures to, [10.3.2], [10.3.4]
final submissions by, [10.3.4.3]
impact of on the court, [10.2]
pre-court preparation, [10.3.1]
reasons for, [10.1]
right to, [10.1]
sentencing of, [10.4]
in sexual offences, [10.3.4.2], [10.3.4.4]
sovereign citizens, [10.1]
statistics, [10.1]
Supreme Court pro-bono assistance, [10.6]

sentencing

of First Nations offenders, [2.2.3], [2.3.8]
of children and young people, [6.4.8]
consideration of religious beliefs, [4.4.8]
of disabled people, [5.6.9]
of HIV-infected people, [5.6.9]
of lesbians, gay men and bisexuals, [8.5.5]
of migrants, [3.3.8]
of First Nations offenders, [2.3.9]
of self-represented parties, [10.4]
of transgender or intersex people, [9.6.6]

Seventh Day Adventists, [4.1], [4.5]

sexual assault

consent law reforms, [7.5.6]
prevalence, [7.5.6]
sexual assault communications privilege, [7.5.6]

sexual harassment

judiciary, [7.3.1]
statistics, [7.3]
women, [7.1]

sexual offences

closure of court during complainant’s evidence, [6.4.3.4]
cross-examination of complainants, [10.3.4.2], [10.3.4.4]
self-represented parties in cases of, [10.3.4.2], [10.3.4.4]

sexuality — see gender identity; homosexuality

distinguished from gender identity, [9.2.2]
statistics relating to, [1.2]

shame, in ethnic cultures, [3.3.6.2]

Shari’ah law, [4.2.3.2]

Shi’ite Muslims, [4.2.3]

sign language interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

sign language, of First Nations people, [2.3.3.3]

Sikhism, [4.1], [4.2.4], [4.2.6]

silence

by First Nations people, [2.3.3.3]
by migrants, [3.3.4.2]

simultaneous interpreting, [3.3.1.3]

single parent families, [1.2], [1.4]

social anxiety, [5.3.6]

solution-focussed courts

, [12.4.8]
therapeutic jurisprudence, and, [12.4.8]

South East Asian cultures, [3.3.6.2]

South Pacific Islanders, [3.3.6.2]

sovereign citizen

beliefs, [10.5]
pseudolaw, and, [10.5]
responding to, [10.5]

speech impairments, [5.6.5.5]

Spinal Cord Injuries Australia, [5.7]

Sri Lankan Tamils, [3.3.6.2]

standard of proof, [10.3.1], [10.3.4.1]

State Library of New South Wales, Legal Information Access Centre, [10.6]

Statewide Community Court Liaison Service, [5.7]

stereotyping

avoiding, [1.4]
of disabled people, [5.6.8]
of First Nations people, [2.3.7]
in language, [2.3.3.2]
of lesbians and gay men, [8.2.1], [8.5.3], [8.5.5]
of migrants, [3.3.6.1], [3.3.7]
of religious beliefs, [4.4.7]
of transgender or intersex people, [9.6.5]

“Stolen” generation, [2.2.2]

“straight”, [8.2.2.9]

stroke, [5.3.5]

sub-cultures, within ethnic cultures, [3.3.6.1]

substantive equality, principle of, [1.5]

Succession Act 2006 (NSW) Pt 4.4

s 101, [2.3.5]
s 134, [2.3.5]

Sufism, [4.2.3]

suicide, by lesbians and gay men, [8.1]

Sunna, [4.2.3.2]

Sunni Muslims, [4.2.3]

support persons, in court, [5.6.1]

Supreme Court Legal Assistance Scheme, [10.6]

Supreme Court of NSW, [10.6]

swamis, [4.2.4.3]

Sydney, cultural diversity of, [3.1]

Synapse

Brain Injury Association of NSW, [5.7]

T

Tamils, [3.3.6.2]

telephone typewriters, [5.6.1]

terminology

“sex” and “gender”, [7.1]

The Gender Centre, [9.1.1]

Torah, [4.2.5], [4.2.5.1], [4.2.5.2]

Torres Strait Islanders, [2.2.1]

touching

Buddhist attitude to, [4.2.2.5]
Christian attitude to, [4.2.1.5]
effect of religious belief on attitude to, [4.4.3]
Hindu attitude to, [4.2.4.5]
Islamic attitude to, [4.2.3.5]
Jewish attitude to, [4.2.5.5]

Tranby Aboriginal College, [2.4]

trangender people, [9.1.1]

trans people

appearance and behaviour in court, [9.6.2]
common misconceptions about, [9.2.2]
legal gender identity, [9.4]
marriage rights, [9.4]
modes of address and gender, [9.6.1]
possible impact of gender identity in court, [9.5], [9.6.4]
terminology, [9.1]

Transcultural Mental Health Centre, [5.7]

transgender people

directions to the jury on, [9.6.5]
sentencing of, [9.6.6]
terminology, [9.6.3]
using appropriate language with, [9.6.3]

transgenerational trauma — see

First Nations People, [12.3.3]

Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS), [3.4]

translators — see interpreters and translators

transsexuals, [9.1.1], [9.1.2]

transvestism, [9.1.3]

trauma

Bugmy Bar Book, [12.4.6]

causes, [12.2]

child sexual abuse, [12.3.2]

children, [12.2.1]

complex, [12.2]

definition, [12.2]

disadvantage, deprivation, and, [12.4.6]

effect of DV exposure, [12.3.1]

behaviour, [12.3.1]
homelessness, [12.3.1]
impaired learning, [12.3.1]
wellbeing, [12.3.1]

epigenetics, and, [12.2.1]

freeze response, [12.2.1]

HPA axis, and, [12.2.1]

intergenerational/transgenerational, [12.2]

intersectionality, [12.3]

LGBTQI people, [12.3.8]

lived trauma

social and emotional deprivations, [12.3.5]

memory and recall, impact on, [12.4.2]

neurophysiology, and, [12.2.1]

OOHC, [12.3.4]

PTSD, [12.2]

refugees

suicide, and, [12.3.5]

re-traumatisation, [12.4.1]

Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with a Disability, [12.3.7]

sexual assault, [12.3.2]

sexual harassment, [12.3.6]

single incident, [12.2]

special witness provisions, [12.4.3]

stolen generations, [12.3.3]

transgenerational, [12.3.3]

trust issues, [12.4.3]

vicarious trauma, [12.4.2]

trauma-informed

principles, [12.4.2]
solution-focussed courts, [12.4.1]
therapeutic jurisprudence, [12.4.1]

trauma-informed practice

complex trauma, [12.1]
criminal law, [12.1]
history, [12.1]
intergenerational trauma, and, [12.1]
therapeutic jurisprudence, and, [12.1]

Tripitaka, [4.2.2.2]

U

ulamas, [4.2.3.3]

unconscious bias

and gender discrimination, [7.2.1.3]
characteristics, [1.4.1]
definition, [1.4.1]
demeanour and appearance, [1.4.1]

unemployment

among migrants, [3.1]
unemployed crime victims, [1.4]

United Nations, conventions relating to human rights, [1.1], [6.2.4]

Uniting Church, [4.1]

Uniting Church of Australia — NSW Synod, [4.5]

unrepresented litigant — see self-represented parties

V

Vedas, [4.2.4], [4.2.4.2]

verbal abuse, of homosexuals, [8.1]

vexatious litigants, [10.3.1], [10.3.4.1]

vicarious trauma, [12.4.2]

victim impact statements, [9.6.1]

in cases involving First Nations people, [2.3.8]
in cases involving children, [6.4.8]
in cases involving disabled people, [5.6.9]
in cases involving homosexuals, [8.5.5]
in cases involving migrants, [3.3.8]
in cases involving intersex or transgender, [9.6.6]
in matters related to religion, [4.4.8]

victims of crime, statistics relating to, [1.4]

Victims’ Services Aboriginal Contact Line, [2.4]

videotaping, of interviews, [6.4.3]

Vietnamese

concept of honour, [3.3.6.2]
kinship networks, [3.3.6.2]
non-verbal communication, [3.3.4.1]
religious affiliations, [4.1]
role of family, [3.3.6.2]

Vietnamese names, [3.3.2.1], [3.3.2.2]

violence

2008 Wood Report, [2.1]
First Nations people as victims of, [2.1]
homosexuals and bisexuals as victims of, [8.1]

Vision Australia, [5.7]

visual impairments, [5.3.3], [5.6.5.5]

vulnerable witnesses

directions and warnings, [12.4.4]

W

WayAhead Mental Health Association of NSW, [5.7]

witnesses — see Appendix

cross-examination of, [5.6.5.8], [10.3.4.1], [10.3.4.2]
disallowing improper questions to, [2.3.3.4]

women

apprehended domestic violence orders, [7.7]

carer responsibilities, [7.2.1.4]

coercive control, [7.5.1]

criminal penalties, [7.6.2.2]

definition, [7.3]

domestic abuse, [7.5.1]

domestic violence, [7.5.1]

domestic work

COVID-19, [7.2.1.4]

economic disadvantage, [7.2]

education

and employment, [7.2.1]

family violence, [7.5.1]

females in custody, [7.6.1]

gender pay gap

superannuation, [7.2.1.1]
wages, [7.2.1.1]

gender-based violence, [7.5.1]

“glass ceiling”, [7.2.1.3]

“glass escalator”, [7.2.1.3]

impact of imprisonment, [7.6.2.1]

imprisonment of, [2.1]

income statistics, [1.2]

intimate partner violence, [7.5.1]

organisations

crisis support and legal advice, [7.8]

parental leave, [7.2.1.4]

part-time employment

impact of COVID-19, [7.2.1]

population, [7.1.1]

poverty and homelessness, [7.2.1.2]

risk of poverty, [7.2]

role in ethnic cultures, [3.3.6.2]

Rural, regional and remote

domestic violence, [7.2.1.5]
housing, [7.2.1.5]
sexism and discrimination, [7.2.1.5]
workplace participation rates, [7.2.1.5]

safe participation in court proceedings, [7.7]

statistics, [7.6.1]

status of First Nations women, [2.2.3]

status of in Buddhism, [4.2.2.5]

status of in Christianity, [4.2.1.5]

status of in Hinduism, [4.2.4.5]

status of in Islam, [4.2.3.5]

status of in Judaism, [4.2.5.5]

superannuation, [7.2]

the mental load, [7.2.1.4]

as victims of crime, [1.4], [2.1]

violence

trolling, [7.5.4]

Worship, forms of, [4.2.1.4]

Y

young people — see children and young people
Your Story Disability Legal Support, [5.7]
Youth Justice Conferencing, [6.4.8n]
Youth Koori Court, [2.3.1], [6.4.8]